ArticleZeitschrift fur Gerontologie und Geriatrie2025
[Nonagenarians on an emergency department for internal medicine and cardiology : Comparison of comorbidities, disease course and survival with younger patients].
Article in Zeitschrift fur Gerontologie und Geriatrie, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundLittle is known about how younger and older hospitalized patients differ with respect to reasons for admission, comorbidities, diagnostics, treatment and intercurrent problems.
objectiveThe aim of the study was to compare the previously named characteristics in the clinical profile of patients > 90 years old (nonagenarians) with a control group of patients 70-75 years old admitted to an emergency hospital department for internal medicine and cardiology. MATERIAL AND
methodThe study included all consecutive nonagenarians and gender-matched control patients who were admitted during 2011. The reason for admission, comorbidities, diagnostics, treatment, intercurrent problems and discharge medication were taken from the patient records. Data on 8‑year mortality were obtained by comparison of the death data.
resultsNonagenarians (n = 117; 81 females) had a mean age of 92 ± 2.5 years and the control patients 72 ± 1.6 years. Nonagenarians were hospitalized more often because of neurological symptoms (19% vs. 7%), suffered more from kidney failure (85% vs. 67%), heart failure (35% vs. 21%), malignancies (29% vs. 8%), dementia (28% vs. 4%) and stroke (15% vs. 6%), developed confusion more often (27% vs. 7%) and fell more often (15% vs. 0%) than control patients. Control patients had a higher body mass index (29 ± 5.3 vs. 24 ± 4.1). Nonagenarians received fewer diagnostic measures (1.6 vs. 2.3), more often intravenous fluid (77% vs. 51%), diuretics (31% vs. 18%) and physiotherapy (24% vs. 8%). Polypharmacy (> 5 medications) in the discharge letter was frequent in both groups (67% vs. 75%). The yearly mortality of the nonagenarians was 27% and of the control group 6%.
conclusionAcute internal diseases in nonagenarians are frequently manifested with neurological symptoms. In hospitalized nonagenarians, prevention of falls and delirium are of clinical relevance. Polypharmacy is a relevant problem in nonagenarians as well as in control patients.
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