Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39728777›Full record

ReviewToxins2024

The Role of Snake Venom Proteins in Inducing Inflammation Post-Envenomation: An Overview on Mechanistic Insights and Treatment Strategies.

Sudharshan Rao, Nisha Reghu, Bipin Gopalakrishnan Nair, Muralidharan Vanuopadath

Registry-linked trialAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Toxins, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07658885 (Development, Validation and Clinical Efficacy Evaluation of an AI-based Snake Species Identification System for Snakebite Treatment), which is not on this map. Cited by 14 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
14citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT07658885 enrolling by invitationnot on this mapstarted 2026, after this paper: background citation

Development, Validation and Clinical Efficacy Evaluation of an AI-based Snake Species Identification System for Snakebite Treatment: a Multicenter Prospective Observational Study

Typeobservational_patient_registrySponsorSecond Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, School of MedicineRan2026 to 2026Enrolled400ConditionsSnake BiteArmsSSRS system-assisted snake species identification
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

14 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  14. Thromboinflammatory complications ofFrontiers in immunology · 2025
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Sudharshan RaoSchool of Biotechnology, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kollam 690 525, Kerala, India.ORCID 0009-0008-7135-7628
Nisha ReghuSchool of Biotechnology, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kollam 690 525, Kerala, India.
Bipin Gopalakrishnan NairSchool of Biotechnology, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kollam 690 525, Kerala, India.
Muralidharan VanuopadathSchool of Biotechnology, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kollam 690 525, Kerala, India.ORCID 0000-0002-9364-917X

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The intricate combination of organic and inorganic compounds found in snake venom includes proteins, peptides, lipids, carbohydrates, nucleotides, and metal ions. These components work together to immobilise and consume prey through processes such as paralysis and hypotension. Proteins, both enzymatic and non-enzymatic, form the primary components of the venom. Based on the effects they produce, venom can be classified as neurotoxic, hemotoxic, and cytotoxic. Studies have shown that, after envenomation, proteins in snake venom also contribute significantly to the induction of inflammatory responses which can either have systemic or localized consequences. This review delves into the mechanisms by which snake venom proteins trigger inflammatory responses, focusing on key families such as phospholipase A

Indexed as

InflammationSnake BitesSnake VenomsAnimalsAntiveninsHumansAntiveninsSnake Venomsantivenomcomplement activationinflammasomesinflammationsnake venomsterile inflammationvenom proteins

Identifiers

PMID39728777
PMCPMC11728808

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.