Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39727596›Full record

ArticleGels (Basel, Switzerland)2024

Whole-Cell Vaccine Preparation Through Prussian Blue Nanoparticles-Elicited Immunogenic Cell Death and Loading in Gel Microneedles Patches.

Wenxin Fu, Qianqian Li, Jingyi Sheng, Haoan Wu, Ming Ma, Yu Zhang

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Gels (Basel, Switzerland), 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Review
  3. Advances in clinical applications of microneedle.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Wenxin FuState Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Basic Medicine Research and Innovation Center of Ministry of Education, Southeast University, Nanjing 211102, China.
Qianqian LiState Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Basic Medicine Research and Innovation Center of Ministry of Education, Southeast University, Nanjing 211102, China.
Jingyi ShengJiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China.
Haoan WuState Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Basic Medicine Research and Innovation Center of Ministry of Education, Southeast University, Nanjing 211102, China.
Ming MaState Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Basic Medicine Research and Innovation Center of Ministry of Education, Southeast University, Nanjing 211102, China.
Yu ZhangState Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Basic Medicine Research and Innovation Center of Ministry of Education, Southeast University, Nanjing 211102, China.

Funding

Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities nonIli & Jiangsu Joint Institute of Health yl2021ms07National Key Research and Development Program of China 2022YFA1205802National Key Research and Development Program of China 2022YFC2406504National Natural Science Foundation of China 61821002National Natural Science Foundation of China 82072067
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Tumor whole-cell vaccines are designed to introduce a wide range of tumor-associated antigens into the body to counteract the immunosuppression caused by tumors. In cases of lymphoma of which the specific antigen is not yet determined, the tumor whole-cell vaccine offers distinct advantages. However, there is still a lack of research on an effective preparation method for the lymphoma whole-cell vaccine. To solve this challenge, we prepared a whole-cell vaccine derived from non-Hodgkin B-cell lymphoma (A20) via the photothermal effect mediated by Prussian blue nanoparticles (PBNPs). The immune activation effect of this vaccine against lymphoma was verified at the cellular level. The PBNPs-treated A20 cells underwent immunogenic cell death (ICD), causing the loss of their ability to form tumors while retaining their ability to trigger an immune response. A20 cells that experienced ICD were further ultrasonically crushed to prepare the A20 whole-cell vaccine with exposed antigens and enhanced immunogenicity. The A20 whole-cell vaccine was able to activate the dendritic cells (DCs) to present antigens to T cells and trigger specific immune responses against lymphoma. Whole-cell vaccines are primarily administered through direct injection, a method that often results in low delivery efficiency and poor patient compliance. Comparatively, the microneedle patch system provides intradermal delivery, offering enhanced lymphatic absorption and improved patient adherence due to its minimally invasive approach. Thus, we developed a porous microneedle patch system for whole-cell vaccine delivery using Gelatin Methacryloyl (GelMA) hydrogel and n-arm-poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (n-arm-PLGA). This whole-cell vaccine combined with porous gel microneedle patch delivery system has the potential to become a simple immunotherapy method with controllable production and represents a promising new direction for the treatment of lymphoma.

Indexed as

gelatin methacryloylgel microneedle patchimmunotherapylymphomapoly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)Prussian bluewhole-cell vaccine

Identifiers

PMID39727596
PMCPMC11675167

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.