Observational studyJMIR formative research2024
Consensus Between Radiologists, Specialists in Internal Medicine, and AI Software on Chest X-Rays in a Hospital-at-Home Service: Prospective Observational Study.
Observational study in JMIR formative research, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Artificial intelligence in cardiovascular diagnostics: a systematic review and descriptive analysis of clinical applications and diagnostic performance.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2025Pooled it
- Rapid scale-up of hospital-at-home services during wartime: lessons learned from the Sheba Medical Center experience.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Home hospitalization is a care modality growing in popularity worldwide. Telemedicine-driven hospital-at-home (HAH) services could replace traditional hospital departments for selected patients. Chest x-rays typically serve as a key diagnostic tool in such cases. Objective: The implementation, analysis, and clinical assimilation of chest x-rays into an HAH service has not been described yet. Our objective is to introduce this essential information to the realm of HAH services for the first time worldwide. Methods: The study involved a prospective follow-up, description, and analysis of the HAH patient population who underwent chest x-rays at home. A comparative analysis was performed to evaluate the level of agreement among three interpretation modalities: a radiologist, a specialist in internal medicine, and a designated artificial intelligence (AI) algorithm. Results: Between February 2021 and May 2023, 300 chest radiographs were performed at the homes of 260 patients, with the median age being 78 (IQR 65-87) years. The most frequent underlying morbidity was cardiovascular disease (n=185, 71.2%). Of the x-rays, 286 (95.3%) were interpreted by a specialist in internal medicine, 29 (9.7%) by a specialized radiologist, and 95 (31.7%) by the AI software. The overall raw agreement level among these three modalities exceeded 90%. The consensus level evaluated using the Cohen κ coefficient showed substantial agreement (κ=0.65) and moderate agreement (κ=0.49) between the specialist in internal medicine and the radiologist, and between the specialist in internal medicine and the AI software, respectively. Conclusions: Chest x-rays play a crucial role in the HAH setting. Rapid and reliable interpretation of these x-rays is essential for determining whether a patient requires transfer back to in-hospital surveillance. Our comparative results showed that interpretation by an experienced specialist in internal medicine demonstrates a significant level of consensus with that of the radiologists. However, AI algorithm-based interpretation needs to be further developed and revalidated prior to clinical applications.
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