SynthesisBMJ open2024
Systematic review of the impact of the National Medication Price Negotiated Policy on the accessibility of drugs in China, 2016-2024.
Synthesis in BMJ open, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Cancer burden and control in China: landscape, trends and challenges.Nature reviews. Clinical oncology · 2026Review
- The impact of China's drug regulatory reform on access to orphan drugs: a cross-sectional study of diseases listed in the rare disease catalog.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Article
- Cost-effectiveness analysis of sacituzumab tirumotecan vs. chemotherapy for patients with EGFR-TKI-resistant, EGFR-mutated advanced non-small cell lung cancer in China.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Behavioral Determinants of Hospital Selection in Urological Care: Evidence From China's Hierarchical Healthcare System.Risk management and healthcare policy · 2025Article
- Analysis of nationwide availability of negotiated drugs in China's National Reimbursement Drug List.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo alleviate the economic burden of innovative drugs on patients in China, the government has been negotiating drug prices since 2016 to enhance their accessibility. This systematic review aimed to discuss the impact of the National Medication Price Negotiation Policy (NMPNP) on the accessibility of drugs in China in the years 2016-2024.
designSystematically reviewed the studies' findings and evaluated their quality using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) collaborative tool. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses 2020 were used to facilitate transparent and complete reporting of our systematic review. DATA SOURCES: PubMed, Web of Science, CNKI and Wanfang were searched from 1 January 2016 to 1 October 2024. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA FOR SELECTING STUDIES: The inclusion criteria of this study is a quantitative study to evaluate the accessibility of negotiated drugs after the implementation of the NMPNP. DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS: Two researchers independently searched the literature, extracted the data and cross-checked them. Any disagreements were resolved by discussion or consultation with a third party. The quality of systematic reviews was assessed using the NOS.
resultsA total of 32 studies were included in this review, 8 of the studies were assessed to be high quality based on the NOS, 17 as moderate quality and the remaining 7 as low quality. Most of them showed that after the implementation of the NMPNP, the availability, affordability, defined daily doses, hospital purchase volume and expenditure of negotiated drugs increased, and the price and defined daily dose cost of negotiated drugs decreased. However, a few studies found that some drugs are difficult to be admitted to hospitals and consumption dropped after the implementation of the NMPNP due to low clinical demand and weak competitiveness.
conclusionsThe implementation of NMPNP improved drug accessibility for patients and most regions had good implementation effects which can provide some insights for other countries. However, the high utilisation of successfully negotiated drugs has increased health insurance expenditures, potentially affecting the fund's stability. This necessitates government regulation of both the use of these drugs and health insurance funds. Moreover, different regions and medical institutions had different development levels and resource allocations, resulting in uneven effects of the NMPNP which need to be improved in the future.
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Registered trials
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