Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39724142›Full record

ReviewJAMA oncology2025

Molecular Testing for the World Health Organization Classification of Central Nervous System Tumors: A Review.

Craig Horbinski, David A Solomon, Rimas V Lukas, Roger J Packer, Priscilla Brastianos, Patrick Y Wen, Matija Snuderl, Mitchel S Berger, Susan Chang, Maryam Fouladi and 12 more

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in JAMA oncology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
24citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

24 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Bridging pediatric and adult neuro-oncology: Insights into adolescents and young adults (AYA) central nervous system tumors.Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2026
    Review
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Advances in the management of pediatric low-grade glioma.Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2026
    Review
  7. Article
  8. A Genomically Tailored Multiagent Precision Medicine Clinical Trial for Adults with Recurrent Glioblastoma.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2026
    Article
  9. Role of non-coding RNAs in OOncology letters · 2026
    Review
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Review
  16. Review
  17. Article
  18. Review
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

22 authors.

Craig HorbinskiDepartments of Pathology and Neurological Surgery, Lou and Jean Malnati Brain Tumor Institute, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois.
David A SolomonUCSF Brain Tumor Center and Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco.
Rimas V LukasDepartment of Neurology, Lou and Jean Malnati Brain Tumor Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois.
Roger J PackerBrain Tumor Institute, Gilbert Family Neurofibromatosis Institute, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC.
Priscilla BrastianosCenter for Neuro-Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
Patrick Y WenCenter for Neuro-Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
Matija SnuderlDepartment of Pathology, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York.
Mitchel S BergerDepartment of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco.
Susan ChangDivision of Neuro-oncology, Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco.
Maryam FouladiDivision of Hematology, Oncology, and Bone Marrow Transplant, Nationwide Children's Hospital, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus.
Joanna J PhillipsDepartment of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham.
Burt NaborsDepartment of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham.
Daniel J BratDepartments of Pathology and Neurological Surgery, Lou and Jean Malnati Brain Tumor Institute, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois.
Jason T HuseDepartments of Pathology and Translational Molecular Pathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston.
Kenneth AldapeCenter for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland.
Jann N SarkariaDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.
Matthias HoldhoffThe Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
Terry C BurnsDepartment of Neurological Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.
Katherine B PetersDepartment of Neurosurgery, Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina.
Ingo K MellinghoffDepartment of Neurology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.
David AronsNational Brain Tumor Society, Newton, Massachusetts.
Evanthia GalanisMayo Clinic, Departments of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota.

Funding

X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHYP30CA008748 · NCI · SLOAN-KETTERING INSTITUTE FOR CANCER RES · PI SELWYN M VICKERS · 1985 to 2026
$347.4M
Molecular Mechanisms of Drug Resistance in Primary Brain TumorsR35NS105109 · NINDS · SLOAN-KETTERING INST CAN RESEARCH · PI MELLINGHOFF, INGO K · 2018 to 2025
$4.7M
Targeting IDH mutations to improve seizure control in glioma patientsR01NS118039 · NINDS · NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY AT CHICAGO · PI HORBINSKI, CRAIG MICHAEL, SWANSON, GEOFFREY T · 2020 to 2024
$2.2M
Glioma intelligence from behind enemy linesR37CA276851 · NCI · MAYO CLINIC ROCHESTER · PI Terry Burns · 2023 to 2026
$2.1M
Novel multipronged Immunovirotherapy Approach for GBM TreatmentR01CA258239 · NCI · MAYO CLINIC ROCHESTER · PI GALANIS, EVANTHIA · 2021 to 2025
$1.9M
Tissue Factor as a Key Determinant of IDH1 Mutant versus IDH1 Wild-type Glioma Thrombosis and MalignancyR01NS102669 · NINDS · NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY AT CHICAGO · PI HORBINSKI, CRAIG MICHAEL · 2017 to 2021
$1.7M
Interaction between Tissue Factor, Junctional Adhesion Molecule-A, and Integrin B1 to drive self-renewal in glioblastomaR01NS117104 · NINDS · NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY AT CHICAGO · PI HORBINSKI, CRAIG MICHAEL, LATHIA, JUSTIN D. · 2020 to 2024
$1.5M
NCI NIH HHS P30 CA008748NCI NIH HHS R01 CA258239NCI NIH HHS R37 CA276851NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS102669NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS117104NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS118039NINDS NIH HHS R35 NS105109
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Importance: Molecular techniques, including next-generation sequencing, genomic copy number profiling, fusion transcript detection, and genomic DNA methylation arrays, are now indispensable tools for the workup of central nervous system (CNS) tumors. Yet there remains a great deal of heterogeneity in using such biomarker testing across institutions and hospital systems. This is in large part because there is a persistent reluctance among third-party payers to cover molecular testing. The objective of this Review is to describe why comprehensive molecular biomarker testing is now required for the accurate diagnosis and grading and prognostication of CNS tumors and, in so doing, to justify more widespread use by clinicians and coverage by third-party payers. Observations: The 5th edition of the World Health Organization (WHO) classification system for CNS tumors incorporates specific molecular signatures into the essential diagnostic criteria for most tumor entities. Many CNS tumor types cannot be reliably diagnosed according to current WHO guidelines without molecular testing. The National Comprehensive Cancer Network also incorporates molecular testing into their guidelines for CNS tumors. Both sets of guidelines are maximally effective if they are implemented routinely for all patients with CNS tumors. Moreover, the cost of these tests is less than 5% of the overall average cost of caring for patients with CNS tumors and consistently improves management. This includes more accurate diagnosis and prognostication, clinical trial eligibility, and prediction of response to specific treatments. Each major group of CNS tumors in the WHO classification is evaluated and how molecular diagnostics enhances patient care is described. Conclusions and Relevance: Routine advanced multidimensional molecular profiling is now required to provide optimal standard of care for patients with CNS tumors.

Indexed as

Biomarkers, TumorCentral Nervous System NeoplasmsMolecular Diagnostic TechniquesHumansPrognosisWorld Health OrganizationBiomarkers, Tumor

Identifiers

PMID39724142
PMCPMC12344474

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.