ArticleAdvanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)2025
Convergent Patterns of Karyotype Evolution Underlying Karyotype Uniformity in Conifers.
Article in Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- A chromosome-level genome assembly of Platycladus orientalis and comparative genomics reveal pivotal roles of transposable elements in gene duplication and pseudogenization across gymnosperm giga-genomes.Plant communications · 2026Article
- Chromosomal evolution and speciation inferred from chromosome-scale genome assemblies in three Cupressaceae species.DNA research : an international journal for rapid publication of reports on genes and genomes · 2026Article
- Construction of Ancestral Chromosomes in Gymnosperms and the Application in Comparative Genomic Analysis.Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- A gap-free reference genome of Populus deltoides provides insights into karyotype evolution of Salicaceae.BMC biology · 2025Article
- SOI: robust identification of orthologous synteny with the Orthology Index and broad applications in evolutionary genomics.Nucleic acids research · 2025Article
- Convergent Patterns of Karyotype Evolution Underlying Karyotype Uniformity in Conifers.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
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11 authors.
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Abstract
Karyotype diversity plays an important role in speciation and diversification. However, gymnosperms, particularly conifers, exhibit remarkable karyotype uniformity. To explore the evolutionary processes shaping karyotypes in gymnosperms, the karyotype evolutionary history is reconstructed through comparative genomic analyses. Synteny analysis confirms the absence of ancient polyploidy in conifers and its rarity across the gymnosperms as a whole. Further analysis reveals convergent patterns of reciprocal translocations between nonhomologous chromosomes in conifer genomes. Centromeric-centromeric reciprocal translocations (CRTs) have been identified as the primary mechanism of karyotype evolution in conifers, while telomeric-centromeric reciprocal translocations (TRTs) significantly contributed to descending dysploidy within Cupressales. A graph-based method is utilized to infer the detailed evolutionary pathways from the proto-gymnosperm karyotype (n = 12) to modern conifer karyotypes (n = 11-12). In conclusion, the scarcity of both polyploidy and dysploidy contributes to the karyotype uniformity of gymnosperms and potentially also to their lower species richness compared to angiosperms. However, the pervasive CRTs and occasional TRTs underlie this "apparent uniformity", supporting the "karyotype orthoselection" hypothesis. This study provides new insights into the mechanisms maintaining karyotype uniformity in conifers and the role of karyotype evolution in their diversification.
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