Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39720064›Full record

ArticleHeliyon2024

Characterization, optimization and emission analysis of manually-made charcoal dust briquettes with starch, paper and algae binders.

George Lomunyak, Booker Osodo, Francis Njoka, Emmanuel Kombe

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Heliyon, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

George LomunyakDepartment of Energy, Gas and Petroleum Engineering, Kenyatta University, P. O. Box 43844 00100, Nairobi, Kenya.
Booker OsodoDepartment of Energy, Gas and Petroleum Engineering, Kenyatta University, P. O. Box 43844 00100, Nairobi, Kenya.
Francis NjokaDepartment of Energy, Gas and Petroleum Engineering, Kenyatta University, P. O. Box 43844 00100, Nairobi, Kenya.
Emmanuel KombeDepartment of Energy, Gas and Petroleum Engineering, Kenyatta University, P. O. Box 43844 00100, Nairobi, Kenya.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Utilization of loose waste biomass such as charcoal dust remains popular in low-to mid-income countries due to increased energy demands, poverty and heighten efforts to mitigate climate change. This study sought to investigate the effects of starch, paper and algae binders on the physical, mechanical and combustion characteristics and emission levels of manually-made acacia charcoal dust briquettes. Acacia charcoal dust is collected and mixed with different binders at binder proportions of 10 %, 15 %, 20 %, 25 % and 30 % of the total weight for individual samples. Briquette samples are produced using a manually-operated briquetting machine. Briquettes are dried, characterized, and analyzed. Response Surface Methodology is used to investigate the effect of binder type and binder proportions on calorific value, ignition time and burning rate of the briquettes. Results show that the density of the produced briquettes from Charcoal-Starch (CS), Charcoal-Paper (CP) and Charcoal-Algae (CA) samples ranged between 571.5 kg/m

Indexed as

Binder proportionsBriquette qualityCharcoal dust briquettesManually-madeNatural binders

Identifiers

PMID39720064
PMCPMC11667633

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.