Intranasal Dexmedetomidine for the Management of Preoperative Anxiety-Related Insomnia: A Randomized, Three-Blinded, Clinical Trial Compared with Lorazepam and Placebo.

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of intranasal dexmedetomidine (Dex), oral lorazepam, and a placebo in managing preoperative anxiety-related insomnia. Patients and Methods: A total of 90 patients exhibiting symptoms of preoperative anxiety and insomnia were randomly assigned to three groups: Dex (receiving 2.5 µg/kg Dex intranasally and starch tablets orally), lorazepam (receiving saline intranasally and 2 mg lorazepam orally), and placebo (receiving saline intranasally and starch tablets orally). Interventions were conducted the night before surgery. The primary outcome was measured using the Leeds Sleep Evaluation Questionnaire (LSEQ) to evaluate changes in sleep quality pre- and post-intervention. Secondary outcomes included monitoring sleep on the night of the intervention, sleep satisfaction scores, changes in vital signs within 2 hours post-intervention, and adverse reaction rates. Results: According to sleep assessments using the LSEQ, the Dex group demonstrated significant improvements in ease of getting to sleep (GTS), ease of awakening (AFS), and alertness and behavior after waking (BFW) compared to the lorazepam group ( Conclusion: Both 2.5 μg/kg intranasal Dex and 2 mg oral lorazepam effectively improved sleep quality in patients with preoperative anxiety-related insomnia. While both treatments were comparable in maintaining sleep, intranasal Dex was more effective in initiating sleep and enhancing daytime functionality than lorazepam.