ArticleArchives of physical medicine and rehabilitation2025
Disparities in Mortality Outcomes Among Older Adults With Communication Disabilities Using the National Health and Aging Trends Study.
Article in Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE(S): To examine whether a nationally representative population of older adults with communication disabilities (CDs) has a higher risk of mortality than older adults without these disabilities, independent of sociodemographic, health, and other disability characteristics.
designRetrospective, cohort study. We conducted a survival analysis using multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression, adjusting for sociodemographic, health, and other disability characteristics.
settingAnnual data from the National Health and Aging Trends Study (Rounds 2011-2020).
participantsA nationally representative sample of Medicare beneficiaries aged ≥65 years with and without any receptive or expressive communication difficulties.
interventionsNot applicable.
main outcome measuresHazard ratios demonstrated the independent mortality risk by CD, over a 10-year period.
resultsThe presence of CD was associated with an increased hazard of dying (hazard ratio, 2.79; 95% CI, 2.51-3.10). After adjustment, older adults with CD had a 1.46 times higher risk of death than those without CD (95% CI, 1.31-1.62).
conclusionsHaving a CD in older age increases mortality risk, independent of health, sociodemographic, and other disability characteristics. These findings warrant consideration of communication-specific mechanisms contributing to disparate mortality outcomes in older adulthood.
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