Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39715924›Full record

ArticleProbiotics and antimicrobial proteins2025

Dietary Supplementation with Multi-strain Probiotic Formulation (Bifidobacterium B8101, Lactobacillus L8603, Saccharomyces bayanus S9308, and Enterococcus SF9301), Betaine or their Combination Promotes Growth Performance Via Improving Intestinal Development in Broilers.

Dan Hu, Xiaoting Wu, Pin Song, Manman Hou, Li'an Pan, Xiaoran Yang, Qinwei Sun, Yingdong Ni

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
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  4. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Dan HuKey Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
Xiaoting WuKey Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
Pin SongKey Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
Manman HouKey Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
Li'an PanKey Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
Xiaoran YangKey Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
Qinwei SunKey Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
Yingdong NiKey Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China. niyingdong@njau.edu.cn.

Funding

National Key R&D Program of China 2017YFE0114400
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the effect of a multi-strain probiotic (Bifidobacterium B8101, Lactobacillus L8603, Saccharomyces bayanus S9308, Enterococcus SF9301), betaine, and their combination on intestinal epithelial development and growth performance in broilers. A total of 2800 one-day-old Ross 308 chickens were randomly divided into four groups: control (Ctrl) fed with a basal diet, multi-strain probiotic (Pb) group fed with basal diet + 100 mg/day/bird probiotic (1-14 d), betaine (Bet) fed with basal diet + 0.1% betaine (1-35 d), and a combination (Pb&Bet) fed with both probiotics and betaine. Each group was set with 10 replicates, with 70 chickens in each replicate. Result showed that betaine significantly increased the body weight (BW) of broilers at 14 d of age and decreased the feed conversion ratio (FCR) from 1 to 14 d of age. Multi-strain probiotic significantly increased BW at 21 and 35 d of age, and decreased FCR from 15 to 21 d of age. Pb&Bet group exhibited a higher BW but lower FCR than Ctrl throughout entire experiment (p < 0.05). Consistently, Pb&Bet group had a higher pectoralis muscle weight, fiber diameter and cross-sectional area compared to Ctrl group (p < 0.05). Pb&Bet group also increased villus height and the ratio of villus height to crypt depth (V/C) in duodenum at both 21 d and 35 d of age. Moreover, at 35 d of age, the mucin 2 (MUC2) expression in duodenum and jejunum was significantly increased in Pb&Bet group, and the interaction of betaine and probiotics was observed on claudin 1 (CLDN1), zonula occludens 1 (ZO1), and junctional adhesion molecule 2 (JAM2) expression in the ileum (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the combination of probiotics and betaine shows better potential for improving growth performance and promoting small intestinal development.

Indexed as

BetaineChickensDietary SupplementsEnterococcusIntestinesProbioticsAnimal FeedAnimalsDietLactobacillusSaccharomycesBetaineBetaineBroilerGrowth performanceProbioticSmall intestine

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.