ArticleInorganic chemistry2025
Divalent Intermediates in Lanthanide-Based Photocatalysts: Spectroscopic Characterization and Reactivity.
Article in Inorganic chemistry, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Solution-Phase Electrochemical Characterization of Acyclic Complexes of Divalent Europium.Inorganic chemistry · 2026Article
- Photochemical strategies in divalent samarium catalysis.Beilstein journal of organic chemistry · 2026Review
- Photocatalyst for Visible-Light-Driven Sm(II)-Mediated Reductions.Organic letters · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
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Abstract
The reduction of stable trivalent lanthanide species (Ln(III)) by the excited states of organic chromophores is the basis of photocatalytic divalent lanthanide-mediated reduction reactions. While indirect evidence of the photochemical formation of the reactive Ln(II) species is abundant, direct spectroscopic evidence of their presence is scarce. Here, nine chromophores with absorptions covering the near UV and visible ranges were systematically investigated in the presence of Ln(III) ions to evaluate their ability to reduce Eu(III) upon excitation with visible light to the catalytically active Eu(II) species. Irradiated mixtures of Eu(III) and the chromophores were characterized using UV-vis absorption and emission and EPR spectroscopy. Several of the chromophore-Eu(III) combinations were competent photocatalysts in the presence of N,N-diisopropylethylamine or Zn terminal reductants. These results demonstrate that a variety of visible-absorbing chromophores can efficiently generate reactive Eu(II) from Eu(III) to catalyze Ln(II)-mediated reduction reactions.
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