ArticlePLoS pathogens2024
Immunodominant extracellular loops of Treponema pallidum FadL outer membrane proteins elicit antibodies with opsonic and growth-inhibitory activities.
Article in PLoS pathogens, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed.
- Looking down the road: development and distribution of a future syphilis vaccine.Sexually transmitted diseases · 2026Article
- Formal description ofInternational journal of systematic and evolutionary microbiology · 2026Article
- Multiple novel membrane proteins involve phthalate ester degradation inApplied and environmental microbiology · 2026Article
- TheJornal brasileiro de doencas sexualmente transmissiveis : DST · 2026Article
- Review
- Protective immunity induced by Tp0136 epitope vaccines with mRNA LNP or protein delivery.NPJ vaccines · 2025Article
- Analysis ofmSphere · 2025Article
- Sequence variability of BamA and FadL candidate vaccinogens suggests divergent evolutionary paths ofJournal of bacteriology · 2025Article
- Genome-wide investigation of outer membrane protein families under mosaic evolution inApplied and environmental microbiology · 2025Article
- Solubilization of Membrane Proteins using designed protein WRAPS.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Development and utilization ofmBio · 2025Article
- Antibodies directed against extracellular loops of FadL orthologs disrupt outer membrane integrity and neutralize infectivity ofFrontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Development and utilization ofbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The global resurgence of syphilis has created a potent stimulus for vaccine development. To identify potentially protective antibodies against Treponema pallidum (TPA), we used Pyrococcus furiosus thioredoxin (PfTrx) to display extracellular loops (ECLs) from three TPA outer membrane protein families (outer membrane factors for efflux pumps, eight-stranded β-barrels, and FadLs) to assess their reactivity with immune rabbit serum (IRS). We identified five immunodominant loops from the FadL orthologs TP0856, TP0858 and TP0865 by immunoblotting and ELISA. Rabbits and mice immunized with these five PfTrx constructs produced loop-specific antibodies that promoted opsonophagocytosis of TPA by rabbit peritoneal and murine bone marrow-derived macrophages at levels comparable to IRS and mouse syphilitic serum. Heat-inactivated IRS and loop-specific rabbit and mouse antisera also impaired viability, motility, and cellular attachment of spirochetes during in vitro cultivation. The results support the use of ECL-based vaccines and suggest that loop-specific antibodies promote spirochete clearance via Fc receptor-independent as well as Fc receptor-dependent mechanisms.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.