Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39714481›Full record

ArticleNeuroradiology2025

Increased burden of enlarged perivascular spaces in patients with patent foramen ovale.

Yangyingqiu Liu, Yuxuan Li, Qun Shang, Jinfeng Cao, Wei Zhao, Jiaxiang Xin, Xin Luo

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Article in Neuroradiology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

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0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

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2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Yangyingqiu LiuDepartment of Radiology, Binzhou Medical University, Zibo Central Hospital, Zibo, China.
Yuxuan LiDepartment of Radiology, Binzhou Medical University, Zibo Central Hospital, Zibo, China.
Qun ShangDepartment of Radiology, Binzhou Medical University, Zibo Central Hospital, Zibo, China.
Jinfeng CaoDepartment of Radiology, Binzhou Medical University, Zibo Central Hospital, Zibo, China.
Wei ZhaoDepartment of Ultrasound, Binzhou Medical University, Zibo Central Hospital, Zibo, China.
Jiaxiang XinMR Research Collaboration, Siemens Healthineers Ltd, Shanghai, China.
Xin LuoDepartment of Radiology, Binzhou Medical University, Zibo Central Hospital, Zibo, China. asd0601@126.com.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionPatent foramen ovale (PFO) patients may experience states of hypoxia and hypoperfusion, which may increase the burden of enlarged perivascular spaces (EPVS). However, to our knowledge, no data are available regarding EPVS in PFO patients. This study sought to investigate if patients with PFO exhibit a heightened burden of EPVS and to identify the mediating factors between PFO and EPVS.

methodsA total of 108 consecutive PFO patients (PFO group) and 110 healthy controls (HC group) from January 2022 to February 2024 were enrolled. The differences in centrum semiovale EPVS (CSO-EPVS) and basal ganglia EPVS (BG-EPVS) scores between PFO and HC groups were compared. The correlations among PFO diameters, laboratory indexes, and EPVS burdens were analyzed. The relationships among them were obtained using mediation analysis.

resultsMean age of PFO and HC group was 47.68 ± 14.47 and 48.14 ± 12.84 years. The CSO-EPVS and BG-EPVS scores were higher in PFO group than HC group (P < 0.001). The CSO-EPVS and BG-EPVS scores for PFO group were concentrated in the ranges 1-3 and 1-2 points, while for HC group were concentrated in the range 0-1 points. A positive correlation among PFO diameters and CSO-EPVS score (r = 0.62, P < 0.001), BG-EPVS score (r = 0.63, P < 0.001), and homocysteine (HCY)(r = 0.21, P = 0.03) was observed. Mediation analysis indicated that higher HCY significantly mediated the relationship between PFO diameter and BG-EPVS burden in PFO patients (P < 0.05).

conclusionThese findings revealed the presence of glymphatic dysfunction in patients with PFO. HCY may mediate the impact of PFO diameter on glymphatic function.

Indexed as

Foramen Ovale, PatentGlymphatic SystemAdultCase-Control StudiesFemaleHumansMagnetic Resonance ImagingMaleMiddle AgedCerebral small vessel diseaseEnlarged perivascular spacesHomocysteinePatent foramen ovale

Identifiers

PMID39714481

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.