Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39714366›Full record

ArticleChemistry & biodiversity2025

Phytochemistry, Antibacterial and Antioxidant Activities of Grewia lasiocarpa E. Mey. Ex Harv. Fungal Endophytes: A Computational and Experimental Validation Study.

Nneka Augustina Akwu, Yougasphree Naidoo, Moganavelli Singh, Johnson Lin, Jamiu Olaseni Aribisala, Saheed Sabiu, Makhotso Lekhooa, Adeyemi Oladapo Aremu

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Chemistry & biodiversity, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Nneka Augustina AkwuSchool of Life Sciences, College of Agriculture, Engineering and Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.
Yougasphree NaidooSchool of Life Sciences, College of Agriculture, Engineering and Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.
Moganavelli SinghSchool of Life Sciences, College of Agriculture, Engineering and Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.
Johnson LinSchool of Life Sciences, College of Agriculture, Engineering and Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.
Jamiu Olaseni AribisalaDepartment of Biotechnology and Food Science, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Durban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa.
Saheed SabiuDepartment of Biotechnology and Food Science, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Durban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa.
Makhotso LekhooaDSI/NWU Preclinical Drug Development Platform, Faculty of Health Sciences, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa.
Adeyemi Oladapo AremuSchool of Life Sciences, College of Agriculture, Engineering and Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6602-246X

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The genus Grewia are well-known for their medicinal properties and are widely used in traditional remedies due to their rich phytochemical composition and potential health benefits. This study isolated and characterized five endophytic fungi from Grewia lasiocarpa E. Mey. Ex Harv. and evaluated their in vitro antibacterial and antioxidant activities. Five [Aspergillus fumigatus (MK243397.1), A. fumigatus (MK243451.1), Penicillium raistrickii (MK243492.1), P. spinulosum (MK243479.1), Meyerozyma guilliermondii (MK243634.1)] of the 22 isolated endophytic fungi had inhibitory activity (62.5-1000 µg/mL) against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The antioxidant activities were 66.5% and 98.4% for 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and ferric ion reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), respectively. In silico evaluation of the phytochemicals of the extract (containing majorly n-hexadecanoic acid) was performed against penicillin-binding protein 2a (PBP2a) implicated in the broad clinical resistance of MRSA to conventional beta-lactams. Molecular docking and molecular dynamic simulation analyses revealed that the phytosterol constituents of the extract, especially dehydroergosterol (-46.28 kcal/mol), had good stability (4.35 Å) and compactness (35.08 Å) with PBP2a relative to the unbound PBP2a and amoxicillin-PBP2a complex during the 100 ns simulation period, reinforcing them as putative leads that may be developed as viable alternatives to beta-lactams against infections caused by MRSA. However, the prediction that dehydroergosterol lacks oral bioavailability with poor water solubility suggests that it could benefit from structural optimization for improved druggability. Hence, isolating and derivatizing dehydroergosterol for subsequent evaluation against PBP2a in vitro and in vivo is highly recommended.

Indexed as

Anti-Bacterial AgentsAntioxidantsEndophytesPhytochemicalsBiphenyl CompoundsMethicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureusMicrobial Sensitivity TestsMolecular Docking SimulationMolecular StructurePenicilliumPicratesStructure-Activity Relationship1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazylAnti-Bacterial AgentsAntioxidantsBiphenyl CompoundsPhytochemicalsPicratesAspergillus spmethicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureusMeyerozyma guilliermondiimolecular dockingpenicillin‐binding protein 2a (PBP2a)Penicillium sp

Identifiers

PMID39714366
PMCPMC12081030

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.