Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39713948›Full record

ArticleAmerican journal of hypertension2025

Clinical Inertia in the Diagnosis and Management of Hypertension Following Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring.

James S Flatow, Rushelle Byfield, Jessica Singer, Melinda J Chang, Joseph E Schwartz, Daichi Shimbo, Ian M Kronish

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in American journal of hypertension, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Impact of obstructive sleep apnoea on nocturnal blood pressure: mechanisms and treatment responses - a narrative review.European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society · 2026
    Review
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

James S FlatowDepartment of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
Rushelle ByfieldDivision of Pediatric Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
Jessica SingerDivision of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
Melinda J ChangCenter for Behavioral Cardiovascular Health, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
Joseph E SchwartzCenter for Behavioral Cardiovascular Health, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
Daichi ShimboDivision of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-6302-8834
Ian M KronishCenter for Behavioral Cardiovascular Health, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-0945-2380

Funding

Implementing Remote Patient Monitoring to Improve Hypertension Control in a Primary Care NetworkR01HL152699 · NHLBI · COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES · PI KRONISH, IAN MATTHEW · 2021 to 2025
$3.5M
Training Medical Students in NIDDK ResearchT35DK093430 · NIDDK · COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES · PI QAIS AL-AWQATI, Utpal Pajvani · 2012 to 2026
$1.3M
NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL152699NIDDK NIH HHS T35 DK093430NIDDK NIH HHS T35DK093430
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundClinical inertia is common after office blood pressure (BP) is high. Little is known about clinical inertia after ambulatory BP monitoring (ABPM).

methodsThis was an electronic health record-based retrospective cohort study of patients with high office BP (≥140/90 mm Hg) referred for ABPM at a medical center in New York City between 2016 and 2020. Diagnostic inertia was defined as clinicians not newly diagnosing or treating hypertension in patients with high ABPM (i.e., mean awake BP ≥135/85 mm Hg). Therapeutic inertia was defined as clinicians not intensifying treatment for patients with established hypertension after high ABPM. Multilevel modeling was used to assess patient and clinician characteristics associated with inertia.

resultsAmong 329 patients without prior hypertension, 144 (44%) had high awake BP. Of these, diagnostic inertia occurred in 45 of 144 (31%). Among 239 patients taking antihypertensive medication, 141 (59%) had high awake BP. Of these, therapeutic inertia occurred in 73 of 141 (52%). In multilevel models, male gender (odds ratio [OR] 2.81, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.11-7.08), lower awake systolic BP (SBP) (OR 0.73 per 5 mm Hg increase, 95% CI 0.53-1.00), and specialist vs. primary care clinician type (OR 4.57, 95% CI 1.78-11.75) were associated with increased diagnostic inertia. Increasing age (OR 1.16 per 5-year increase, 95% CI 1.00-1.28) and lower awake SBP (OR 0.82 per 5 mm Hg increase, 95% CI 0.66-0.95) were associated with increased therapeutic inertia.

conclusionsDiagnostic and therapeutic inertia were common after ABPM, particularly when awake SBP was near the threshold.

Indexed as

Antihypertensive AgentsBlood PressureBlood Pressure Monitoring, AmbulatoryHypertensionPractice Patterns, Physicians'AdultAgedElectronic Health RecordsFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedNew York CityRetrospective StudiesAntihypertensive Agentsambulatory blood pressure monitoringblood pressureclinical inertiahypertension

Identifiers

PMID39713948
PMCPMC11997245

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.