ArticleJournal of children's orthopaedics2025
Ankle and foot deformities and malformations in proximal femoral focal deficiency.
Article in Journal of children's orthopaedics, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Phenotypic Spectrum and Limb-Length Discrepancy in Congenital Lower Limb Deficiencies: A Tertiary Care Center Experience.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Article
- The Significance and Limitations of Pre- and Postnatal Imaging in the Diagnosis and Management of Proximal Focal Femoral Deficiency.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
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4 authors.
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Abstract
Purpose: To describe foot abnormalities in proximal femoral focal deficiency and their correlation to the severity. Methods: Eighty-nine extremities in 87 patients were evaluated between 1996 and 2020 clinically and radiologically. Fibula length, ankle shape, tarsal coalitions, and the number of foot rays were recorded. Extremities with proximal femoral focal deficiency were classified according to Pappas and divided into severe (classes II and V), medium severe (classes III and IV), and mild groups (classes VII, VIII, and IX). Results: The fibula was short in 89% and absent in 11% of cases. An absent fibula occurred mostly in severe class III and only in 4% of mild grades (statistically significant, Conclusions: Abnormalities of the fibula and ankle joint represent a constant part of proximal femoral focal deficiency, whereas tarsal coalition and a reduction of foot rays do not. The severity of foot abnormalities does not correlate to the severity of proximal femoral focal deficiency but does with fibular aplasia.
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