ReviewHealth science reports2024
Exploring the Link: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis on the Prevalence and Association Between Refractive Errors and Intermittent Exotropia.
Review in Health science reports, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Non-surgical treatment of strabismus in children: a review of recent advances.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background and Aims: Refractive errors and intermittent exotropia are prevalent conditions in pediatric populations, impacting visual development and quality of life. Despite the co-occurrence of conditions such as myopia, hypermetropia, and astigmatism with strabismus, comprehensive analyses of their coexistence are limited. This study aims to investigate the prevalence and characteristics of refractive error among children with intermittent exotropia and find the correlation between the angle of deviation for far and near with factors like mean spherical equivalent and age. Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. PubMed and Scopus databases were searched up to February 13, 2024. Inclusion criteria encompassed studies detailing clinical presentation, management strategies, and outcomes, while exclusion criteria eliminated review articles, conference abstracts, animal research, and studies with inadequate clinical information. Data extraction and quality assessment were independently performed by multiple reviewers, with discrepancies resolved through consensus. Forest plot was used to show the mean spherical equivalent and the angle of deviation, while publication bias was demonstrated using funnel plot with Egger test. Results: The search yielded 932 articles, with 23 meeting the inclusion criteria. Studies represented four geographical regions, with a combined sample size of 5407 participants aged 3-10 years. The mean refractive errors varied widely, with an overall pooled mean of -1.787 (95% CI: -5.392 to 1.818). Overminus lens therapy and surgical interventions were common management strategies, with surgery prevalent in cases with higher distant angle deviation. The myopia was more prevalent than hypermetropia (26.82%/16.10%). Meta-regression showed that the mean spherical equivalent had a significant effect on the angle of deviation far and near. Conclusion: There was a significant correlation between myopia and intermittent exotropia in Middle Eastern and Asian pediatric populations. Myopia is notably more prevalent with significant effect of mean spherical equivalent on near-angle deviation.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.