ReviewInternational journal of cardiology. Congenital heart disease2024
Update on Eisenmenger syndrome - Review of pathophysiology and recent progress in risk assessment and management.
Review in International journal of cardiology. Congenital heart disease, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed.
- Treatment of Brain Abscess in Patient with Eisenmenger Syndrome.Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society · 2026Article
- Sotatercept in Congenital Heart Disease-Associated Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension and Eisenmenger Syndrome.JACC. Case reports · 2026Article
- Eisenmenger Syndrome Enters the Sotatercept Era.JACC. Case reports · 2026Article
- A physiology-guided ketofol-based anaesthetic approach for emergency burr hole craniotomy in a child with Eisenmenger syndrome: a case report.BMC anesthesiology · 2026Article
- Iron Compartmentalisation and Vascular Endothelial Cell Dysfunction.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Advancing the science and care of pulmonary hypertension, globally.International journal of cardiology. Congenital heart disease · 2026Article
- Management of Acute Cholecystitis in a Patient With Eisenmenger Syndrome and Abdominal Heterotaxy: A Case Report.The American journal of case reports · 2026Article
- Unrepaired Congenital Shunt Lesions in Adults: Principles for Clinical Management.Methodist DeBakey cardiovascular journal · 2026Review
- Case Report: Concurrent atrial and ventricular septal defect in a young Sphynx cat.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2025Article
- Right-to-left shunt and transcranial Doppler as a diagnostic tool: when and how to run it. Position statement by the Italian society of neurosonology and cerebral haemodynamics.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Longstanding left-to-right shunting associated with congenital heart disease (CHD) can ultimately lead to pulmonary vascular remodeling, pulmonary arterial hypertension, and shunt reversal, the hallmark feature of Eisenmenger Syndrome (ES). ES is a multisystem disease, with hematologic, cardiovascular, renal, neurologic, immune, and other manifestations, each of which inform its management. Many of the most distinct and clinically important consequences relate to chronic hypoxemia. The incidence of ES in in countries with access to pediatric cardiology and cardiac surgery services has declined in recent decades, due to earlier diagnosis and intervention for CHD. Moreover, in the era of disease targeting therapies (DTT), ES appears to be associated with better quality of life and less limiting symptoms. In addition, observational studies suggest that these therapies, alone and in combination, may be associated with improved survival. Despite these developments, ES mortality remains high, with heart failure being the most common cause of death. In this review, we discuss the pathophysiology of ES, the evolving understanding of risk stratification, as well as recent progress in pharmacologic and surgical management. Ultimately, despite strides in understanding and management of this complex disease, significant knowledge gaps remain.
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