ArticleAnnals of surgical oncology2025
Long-Term Follow-Up of Surgical Outcomes and Oncological Results of Nipple-Sparing Mastectomy with Immediate Reconstruction Through a Single Axillary Incision with Different Approach Methods.
Article in Annals of surgical oncology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Single axillary incision for minimal access (endoscopic or robotic-assisted) nipple sparing mastectomy: axillary crease or lateral chest wall incision?Journal of robotic surgery · 2026Article
- Long-term oncologic outcomes of minimal access (endoscopic or Robotic Assisted) nipple-sparing mastectomy compared with conventional approach in breast cancer - a propensity score matching analysis.International journal of surgery (London, England) · 2025Article
- Oncoplastic Nipple-Sparing Mastectomy and Immediate Reconstruction in Non-ideal Candidates.Cureus · 2025Article
- Techniques for Success in Nipple-Sparing Mastectomy and Immediate Reconstruction.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- ASO Author Reflections: Nipple-Sparing Mastectomy with Single Axillary Incision: A Safe Approach to Hide the Scar.Annals of surgical oncology · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundWe investigated the perioperative outcome and oncologic safety of performing nipple-sparing mastectomy (NSM) through a single axillary incision (NSM-SAI) compared with performing NSM through a conventional incision (NSM-C).
methodsWe retrospectively reviewed 725 patients who underwent NSM for breast cancer between January 2010 and December 2023; 333 patients who underwent NSM with immediate reconstruction (IR) were enrolled. Surgical outcomes and oncologic outcomes of NSM-C (n = 184), NSM performed through SAI with a freehand approach (NSM-SAI-F; n = 92), and with an endoscopic approach (NSM-SAI-E; n = 57) were demonstrated. The risk factors for resection margins, nipple-areolar complex (NAC), and skin flap necrosis were evaluated separately for NSM-C and NSM-SAI.
resultsNAC and skin flap necrosis occurrence rates among the NSM-C, NSM-SAI-F, and NSM-SAI-E groups were similar (insignificant), regardless of autologous or prosthesis reconstruction. The tumor-to-nipple distance among patients who underwent NSM-C was an independent risk factor for NAC necrosis in the NSM-C group (odds ratio [OR] 6.02, p = 0.007); being overweight and tumor location in the lower breast were risk factors for skin necrosis in the NSM-C group (OR 3.36, p = 0.041; and OR 4.32, p = 0.011, respectively). These risk factors were not associated with the NSM-SAI group. The three groups had comparable positive resection margins, local recurrence-free survival, and distant metastasis-free survival rates (p = 0.857, 0.543, and 0.975, respectively).
conclusionsNSM-SAI combined with IR by the freehand or endoscopic approaches can provide good aesthetic outcomes and oncologic safety for well-selected patients with breast cancer. The risk factors for NAC and skin flap necrosis differ between the NSM-SAI and NSM-C groups.
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