ArticleJournal of epidemiology2025
Community Social Capital and All-cause Mortality in Japan: Findings From the Adachi Cohort Study.
Article in Journal of epidemiology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundCommunity social capital is associated with various health outcomes; however, its impact on mortality is not fully understood, particularly in non-Western settings. This study examined the association between community-level social capital and all-cause mortality among community-dwelling older Japanese adults.
methodsThe baseline data were obtained from a 2015 questionnaire survey for all 132,005 residents aged ≥65 years without long-term care insurance certification in Adachi Ward (consisting of 262 small districts) of the Tokyo metropolitan area. We measured two aspects of social capital: neighborhood cohesion as cognitive social capital and neighborhood network as structural social capital. For district-level social capital, we aggregated the individual responses of neighborhood cohesion and neighborhood network in each district.
resultsA total of 75,338 were analyzed. A multilevel survival analysis with an average follow-up of 1,656 days showed that higher district-level neighborhood cohesion was associated with a lower risk of all-cause mortality in men (hazard ratio 0.92; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.84-0.99 for the highest quintile and 0.91; 95% CI, 0.82-0.99 for the second, compared to the lowest), but not in women. This association was more pronounced in men aged 65-74 years.
conclusionThis study provides valuable insights from the Asian population. Men, who typically have fewer social networks and support systems than women, could receive more benefits from residing in a cohesive community, which may contribute to their longevity. These findings support public health strategies that bolster community social capital as a means of archiving longevity among older men, underscoring the importance of social integration in aging societies.
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