Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39707758›Full record

ArticleEuropean journal of neurology2025

Brief international cognitive assessment for MS (BICAMS) and NEDA maintenance in MS patients: A 2-year follow-up longitudinal study.

E Leveraro, M Cellerino, C Lapucci, M Dighero, L Nasone, T Sirito, D Boccia, N Cavalli, G Bavestrello, A Uccelli and 2 more

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PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in European journal of neurology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

E LeveraroDepartment of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, and Mother-Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.ORCID 0009-0005-0018-4449
M CellerinoDepartment of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, and Mother-Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-4359-9872
C LapucciIRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-3527-6520
M DigheroDepartment of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, and Mother-Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.
L NasoneIRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy.
T SiritoDepartment of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, and Mother-Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.
D BocciaDepartment of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, and Mother-Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.ORCID 0000-0003-2507-4025
N CavalliDepartment of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, and Mother-Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.
G BavestrelloDepartment of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, and Mother-Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.
A UccelliDepartment of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, and Mother-Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.
G BoffaDepartment of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, and Mother-Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.
M IngleseDepartment of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, and Mother-Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-3103-1585

Funding

Fondazione Italiana Sclerosi MultiplaMinistero della SaluteMinistero dell'Università e della Ricerca
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe Brief International Cognitive Assessment for Multiple Sclerosis (BICAMS) has been validated in many cross-sectional studies. However, longitudinal data on BICAMS subset trajectories and their correlation with disease activity during follow-up are scarce.

objectivesWe aimed to (i) assess BICAMS changes in MS patients initiating high-efficacy disease-modifying-treatments (DMTs), (ii) compare these changes based on maintenance of "no-evidence-of-disease-activity" (NEDA-3) status over 24 months, and (iii) determine baseline clinical parameters predictive of cognitive changes.

methodsWe enrolled 101 MS patients (mean age:40,45 ± 11; Relapsing-Remitting-MS:81%) initiating highly-effective-DMTs. Patients underwent Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS), BICAMS, and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), at baseline and after 24 months. Regression-based change index (RB-CI) had been used for cognitive change evaluation over follow-up.

resultsDuring follow-up, 78 (77.3%) patients maintained NEDA-3 status. Considering a 90% of confidence levels for RB-CI, 12 (11.9%) improved at SDMT, 13 (12.9%) at CVLT-II and 13 (12.9%) at BVMT-R; while 7 (6.9%) were classified as worsened at SDMT, 11 (10.9%) at CVLT-II and 8 (7.9%) at BVMT-R. SDMT scores significantly improved at follow-up for the entire group (p = 0.003) and in patients maintaining NEDA-3 (p < 0.001). The multivariable regression model assessing the SDMT improvement (n = 12; z = 1.65), was significant and explained 21% of the variance (p = 0.038; Nagelkerke R

conclusionsOur findings showed that early disease activity control-especially in patients with low baseline disability-may yield significant benefits even in terms of cognitive performance.

Indexed as

Cognitive DysfunctionAdultFemaleFollow-Up StudiesHumansLongitudinal StudiesMaleMiddle AgedMultiple SclerosisMultiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-RemittingNeuropsychological TestsBICAMScognitive impairmenthigh‐efficacy therapymultiple sclerosis

Identifiers

PMID39707758
PMCPMC11662165

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.