Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39705895›Full record

ReviewVirology2025

30 years of HIV therapy: Current and future antiviral drug targets.

Julius Nuwagaba, Jessica A Li, Brandon Ngo, Richard E Sutton

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Virology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Recent Advances in Heterocyclic HIV Protease Inhibitors.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025
    Review
  7. Review
  8. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Julius NuwagabaSection of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA.
Jessica A LiSection of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA.
Brandon NgoSection of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA.
Richard E SuttonSection of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA. Electronic address: richard.sutton@yale.edu.

Funding

Mechanisms of transcriptional regulation of ccr5 and host genetic control of HIVR01AI150334 · NIAID · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI SUTTON, RICHARD · 2020 to 2024
$3.5M
NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI150334
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Significant advances in treatment have turned HIV-1 into a manageable chronic condition. This has been achieved due to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), involving a combination regimen of medications, including drugs that target Reverse Transcriptase, Protease, Integrase, and viral entry, explored in this review. This paper also highlights novel therapies, such as Lenacapavir, and avenues toward functional cure targeting the CCR5 co-receptor, including the Δ32 mutation. Challenges of HAART include lifelong adherence, toxicity, drug interactions, and drug resistance. Future therapeutic strategies may focus on underexplored antiviral targets. HIV-1 Tat and Rev proteins have essential HIV-1 regulatory functions of transcriptional elongation of the viral long terminal repeat and nuclear export of intron-containing HIV-1 RNA, respectively. These non-enzymatic proteins should thus be investigated to identify small molecules that inhibit HIV-1 replication, without causing undue toxicity. Continued innovation is essential to address therapeutic gaps and bring us closer to a potential HIV-1 cure.

Indexed as

Anti-HIV AgentsHIV-1HIV InfectionsAntiretroviral Therapy, Highly ActiveHumansVirus ReplicationAnti-HIV AgentsARTHIV-1HIV-1 cureRevRNA nuclear exportTatTranscription elongation

Identifiers

PMID39705895
PMCPMC11788039

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.