Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39704496›Full record

ArticleSleep2025

Association of estimated glomerular filtration rate with the incidence of sleep apnea syndrome.

Tatsuhiko Azegami, Hidehiro Kaneko, Akira Okada, Yuta Suzuki, Toshiyuki Ko, Katsuhito Fujiu, Norifumi Takeda, Hiroyuki Morita, Norihiko Takeda, Takashi Yokoo and 3 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Sleep, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Tatsuhiko AzegamiDivision of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.ORCID 0000-0002-4809-5788
Hidehiro KanekoDepartment of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.ORCID 0000-0003-2553-6170
Akira OkadaDepartment of Prevention of Diabetes and Lifestyle-Related Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Yuta SuzukiDepartment of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Toshiyuki KoDepartment of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Katsuhito FujiuDepartment of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Norifumi TakedaDepartment of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Hiroyuki MoritaDepartment of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Norihiko TakedaDepartment of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Takashi YokooDivision of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
Hideo YasunagaDepartment of Clinical Epidemiology and Health Economics, School of Public Health, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Masaomi NangakuDivision of Nephrology and Endocrinology, University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.ORCID 0000-0001-7401-2934
Kaori HayashiDivision of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.

Funding

Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Japan 20H03907Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare 23AA2003
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

STUDY

objectivesSleep apnea syndrome (SAS) is potentially linked to life-threatening conditions. The decline in kidney function is involved in the development of various diseases; however, it remains unclear whether it is implicated in the onset of SAS. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the relationship between kidney function and the incidence of SAS.

methodsThe association of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) with the incidence of SAS was assessed retrospectively using real-world administrative claims and health checkup data collected between April 2014 and November 2022. To strengthen robustness, three stratified analyses and four sensitivity analyses were conducted.

resultsWe assessed 1 589 259 individuals for the analysis. During a median (interquartile range) follow-up of 1167 (652-1699) days, 11 054 cases of SAS events were documented. Multivariable Cox regression analyses after adjusting for potential confounders, including age, sex, body mass index, hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, cigarette smoking, alcohol drinking, and physical inactivity, demonstrated that the decrease in eGFR (eGFR ≥ 90, 60-89, 45-59, 30-44, and <30 mL/min/1.73 m2) was associated with a higher risk of SAS (hazard ratio [95% confidence intervals]; 1 [reference value], 1.13 [1.06-1.20], 1.22 [1.13-1.32], 1.34 [1.17-1.52], 1.82 [1.43-2.33]). In the restricted cubic spline regression model, the risk of developing SAS increased with the reduction in eGFR. The results of the sensitivity analyses were consistent with the primary findings.

conclusionOur analysis utilizing a large-scale population-based cohort concluded that reduced eGFR is associated with the risk of developing SAS in a dose-dependent manner.

Indexed as

Glomerular Filtration RateSleep Apnea SyndromesAdultAgedFemaleHumansIncidenceMaleMiddle AgedRetrospective StudiesRisk Factorsdatabasesglomerular filtration ratesleep apnea syndrome

Identifiers

PMID39704496
PMCPMC11893532

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.