Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39704338›Full record

ArticleJournal of animal science2025

Polyamines protect porcine sperm from lipopolysaccharide-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis via casein kinase 2 activation.

Rongnan Li, Xiaodong Wu, Jia Cheng, Zhendong Zhu, Ming Guo, Guochao Hou, Tianjiao Li, Yi Zheng, Haidong Ma, Hongzhao Lu and 3 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of animal science, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Perspectives in porcine semen conservation (liquid and frozen).The Journal of reproduction and development · 2026
    Review
  2. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Rongnan LiKey Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
Xiaodong WuKey Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
Jia ChengSchool of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong 723001, Shaanxi, China.
Zhendong ZhuKey Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
Ming GuoKey Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
Guochao HouKey Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
Tianjiao LiKey Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
Yi ZhengKey Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
Haidong MaSchool of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong 723001, Shaanxi, China.
Hongzhao LuSchool of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong 723001, Shaanxi, China.
Xiaoxu ChenKey Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.ORCID 0000-0002-2912-8943
Tao ZhangSchool of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong 723001, Shaanxi, China.
Wenxian ZengKey Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Bacterial contamination is an inevitable issue during the processing of semen preservation in pigs. As a prototypical endotoxin from Gram-negative bacteria in semen, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) undermines sperm function during liquid preservation. Spermine and spermidine could protect cells against LPS-induced injury, and the content of spermine and spermidine in seminal plasma is positively correlated with sperm quality. Thus, the present study aimed to clarify whether addition of spermine or spermidine is beneficial to porcine semen preservation and able to prevent LPS-induced sperm damage. The supplementation of spermine and spermidine in the diluent resulted in higher sperm motility, viability, acrosome integrity, and mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) after preservation in vitro at 17 °C for 7 d (P < 0.05). LPS-induced sperm quality deterioration, ΔΨm decline, cellular adenosine-triphosphate depletion, mitochondrial ultrastructure abnormality, mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening, phosphatidylserine (PS) translocation, and caspase-3 activation (P < 0.05). Interestingly, spermine and spermidine alleviated the LPS-induced changes of the aforementioned parameters and mitigated the decrease in the microtubule-associated protein light chain 3-II (LC3-II) to LC3-I ratio. Meanwhile, the α and β subunits of casein kinase 2 (CK2) were detected at the connecting piece and the tail. Significantly, addition of 4,5,6,7-tetrabromobenzotriazole, a specific CK2 inhibitor, counteracted the beneficial effects of spermine and spermidine on sperm quality, mitochondrial activity, and apoptosis. Together, these results suggest that spermine and spermidine improve sperm quality and the efficiency of liquid preservation of porcine semen. Furthermore, spermine and spermidine alleviate LPS-induced sperm mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis in a CK2-dependent manner.

Indexed as

ApoptosisCasein Kinase IILipopolysaccharidesMitochondriaPolyaminesSpermatozoaSpermidineAnimalsMaleMembrane Potential, MitochondrialSemen PreservationSpermineSwineCasein Kinase IILipopolysaccharidesPolyaminesSpermidineSperminecasein kinase 2lipopolysaccharidemitochondriapolyaminessperm

Identifiers

PMID39704338
PMCPMC11773192

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.