Double encephalocele in a four-year-old girl: A case report with literature review.

Ahtesham Khizar, Hassaan Zahid, Manal Khan, Abdul Rahim Farooq, Muhammad Aqeel Natt

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Article in Pakistan journal of medical sciences, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Ahtesham KhizarAhtesham Khizar, MBBS, FCPS (Neurosurgery), Department of Neurosurgery Unit-I, Punjab Institute of Neurosciences, Lahore, Pakistan.

Hassaan ZahidHassaan Zahid, MBBS, FCPS (Neurosurgery), MS (Pediatric Neurosurgery), Department of Neurosurgery Unit-I, Punjab Institute of Neurosciences, Lahore, Pakistan.

Manal KhanManal Khan, MBBS, Department of Neurosurgery Unit-I, Punjab Institute of Neurosciences, Lahore, Pakistan.

Abdul Rahim FarooqAbdul Rahim Farooq, MBBS Aga Khan University Medical College, Karachi, Pakistan.

Muhammad Aqeel NattMuhammad Aqeel Natt, MBBS, FCPS (Neurosurgery), Department of Neurosurgery Unit-I, Punjab Institute of Neurosciences, Lahore, Pakistan.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Encephalocele is a congenital neural tube defect (NTD). The pathophysiology of the NTDs is exceedingly complex. Numerous explanations have been proposed to explain it. Double encephaloceles are highly unusual. There have only been fifteen previously reported cases of double encephalocele in the medical literature, with this index case being the oldest and first from Pakistan. A four-year-old girl presented with two occipital scalp swellings from infancy. The occipital swelling measured about 7x5x3 cm, while the suboccipital swelling measured about 7x9x5 cm. The skin over both the swellings was intact. Following a thorough history, physical examination, and radiological investigations, surgical excision and repair was performed. Postoperative recovery was uneventful. She did not develop hydrocephalus until the three month follow-up.Double encephalocele is a rare entity. The multisite closure theory appears to be the most plausible explanation for the development of multiple NTDs. The management of double encephalocele requires a case based approach.

Indexed as

Developing countryEncephaloceleFolic acid deficiencyMeningoceleNeural tube defects

Identifiers

PMID39703960

DOI10.12669/pjms.40.12(PINS).10964

PMCPMC11654668

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