ArticleNature immunology2025
Efficacy of CTLA-4 checkpoint therapy is dependent on IL-21 signaling to mediate cytotoxic reprogramming of PD-1
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Article in Nature immunology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
15citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Efficacy and safety of immunotherapy monotherapy versus combination regimens in recurrent/metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis.European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · 2026Pooled it
- Single-cell multi-omics characterises transcriptional and chromatin accessibility heterogeneity of immune cells in allergic rhinitis.Clinical and translational medicine · 2026Article
- Review
- T Cell Exhaustion in Cancer Immunotherapy: Heterogeneity, Mechanisms, and Therapeutic Opportunities.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Review
- HIF-1αImmunity · 2026Article
- PAARH suppresses Kupffer cell phagocytosis to promote tumor liver metastasis by upregulating CD47.Cancer cell international · 2026Article
- Flt3L-mediated tumor cDC1 expansion enhances immunotherapy by priming stem-like CD8Nature immunology · 2026Article
- The mechanisms and therapeutic advances of interactions between breast cancer and cardiovascular diseases.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Review
- IL21 is predominantly produced by a CXCL13 associated CD4Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Precision livestock farming and integrated molecular profiling reveal heat-stress resilience signatures in Marchigiana cattle.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2026Article
- A novel prognostic tool for triple-negative breast cancer: creating and testing a parthanatos-related gene model.Translational cancer research · 2025Article
- Expansion of a circulating Ki67-positive effector T-cell population following combined PD-1 and CTLA-4 blockade for melanoma is predictive of treatment response.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2025Article
- Single-cell RNA sequencing: enhancing the predictive accuracy of tumor immunotherapy efficacy.Essays in biochemistry · 2025Review
- Combination of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound irradiating immune organs with immune checkpoint blockade augments systemic anti-tumor immunity on low tumor burden 4T-1 breast cancer.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2025Article
- Suppression of multiple mouse models of refractory malignancies by reprogramming IL-18 ligand-receptor interaction.Nature communications · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
28 authors.
Zhen ZhangFaculty of Medicine, Clinic for Internal Medicine II, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology and Infectious Disease, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0006-4094-9271
Marlene Langenbach *Faculty of Medicine, Clinic for Internal Medicine I, Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Faculty of Medicine, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
Sagar Sagar *Faculty of Medicine, Clinic for Internal Medicine II, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology and Infectious Disease, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8657-4704
Viktor Fetsch *Faculty of Medicine, Clinic for Internal Medicine I, Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Faculty of Medicine, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0006-2091-9999
Jonas Stritzker *Faculty of Medicine, Clinic for Internal Medicine II, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology and Infectious Disease, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
Elizabeth Severa *Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
Ke Meng *Faculty of Medicine, Clinic for Internal Medicine II, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology and Infectious Disease, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
Frances WinklerFaculty of Medicine, Clinic for Internal Medicine II, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology and Infectious Disease, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
Nisha RanaFaculty of Medicine, Clinic for Internal Medicine II, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology and Infectious Disease, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
Katharina ZoldanFaculty of Medicine, Clinic for Internal Medicine II, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology and Infectious Disease, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
Ira GodboleFaculty of Medicine, Clinic for Internal Medicine II, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology and Infectious Disease, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
Sabrina SolisDepartment of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
Jeffrey S WeberDepartment of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
David Rafei-ShamsabadiDepartment of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
Saskia LehrDepartment of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6551-2136
Rebecca DiehlDepartment of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
Ana Cecilia VenhoffDepartment of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
Reinhard E VollDepartment of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5542-9133
Nico BuettnerFaculty of Medicine, Clinic for Internal Medicine II, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology and Infectious Disease, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
Christoph Neumann-HaefelinFaculty of Medicine, Clinic for Internal Medicine II, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology and Infectious Disease, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7351-1387
Tobias BoettlerFaculty of Medicine, Clinic for Internal Medicine II, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology and Infectious Disease, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1195-055X
Maike HofmannFaculty of Medicine, Clinic for Internal Medicine II, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology and Infectious Disease, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8410-8833
Melanie BoerriesInstitute of Medical Bioinformatics and Systems Medicine, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3670-0602
Frank MeissDepartment of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4044-9094
Robert ZeiserFaculty of Medicine, Clinic for Internal Medicine I, Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Faculty of Medicine, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6565-3393
Robert ThimmeFaculty of Medicine, Clinic for Internal Medicine II, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology and Infectious Disease, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1417-4135
Ramin S HeratiDepartment of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2613-4050
Bertram BengschFaculty of Medicine, Clinic for Internal Medicine II, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology and Infectious Disease, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. bertram.bengsch@uniklinik-freiburg.de.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2552-740X
Funding
Vaccine FacilityP30CA016087 · NCI · NEW YORK UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE · PI ADRIANA HEGUY · 1985 to 2026
$83.1MProject 4P50CA225450 · NCI · NEW YORK UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE · PI OSMAN, IMAN, WEBER, JEFFREY S · 2019 to 2025
$12.5MCorrelative biomarkers of IL-6 blockade combined with checkpoint inhibitionR01CA244936 · NCI · NEW YORK UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE · PI MEHNERT, JANICE M. · 2020 to 2024
$2.9MDeutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (German Research Foundation) 256073931Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (German Research Foundation) 272983813Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (German Research Foundation) 390939984Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (German Research Foundation) 505372148Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (German Research Foundation) 520992132NCI NIH HHS P30 CA016087NCI NIH HHS P50 CA225450NCI NIH HHS R01 CA244936
Abstract
The mechanisms underlying the efficacy of anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) and anti-cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) therapy are incompletely understood. Here, by immune profiling responding PD-1
Indexed as
CD8-Positive T-LymphocytesCTLA-4 AntigenImmune Checkpoint InhibitorsInterleukinsMelanomaMelanoma, ExperimentalProgrammed Cell Death 1 ReceptorSignal TransductionAnimalsCell Line, TumorCytotoxicity, ImmunologicFemaleHumansInterleukin-21MiceMice, Inbred C57BLCTLA-4 AntigenCTLA4 protein, humanImmune Checkpoint InhibitorsInterleukin-21InterleukinsPDCD1 protein, humanProgrammed Cell Death 1 ReceptorSTAT3 Transcription Factor
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.