Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39701105›Full record

ArticleCell reports methods2025

A core genome MLST scheme for Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato improves insights into the evolutionary history of the species complex.

Sabrina Hepner, Keith A Jolley, Santiago Castillo-Ramirez, Evangelos Mourkas, Alexandra Dangel, Andreas Wieser, Johannes Hübner, Andreas Sing, Volker Fingerle, Gabriele Margos

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Cell reports methods, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Sabrina HepnerGerman National Reference Centre for Borrelia, Oberschleissheim, Germany; Bavarian Health and Food Safety Authority, Oberschleissheim, Germany. Electronic address: sabrina.hepner@lgl.bayern.de.
Keith A JolleyDepartment of Biology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Santiago Castillo-RamirezPrograma de Genómica Evolutiva, Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico.
Evangelos MourkasZoonosis Science Centre, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
Alexandra DangelBavarian Health and Food Safety Authority, Oberschleissheim, Germany.
Andreas WieserMedical Microbiology and Hospital Epidemiology, Max von Pettenkofer Institute, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany; Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany; German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany; Immunology, Infectious Disease and Pandemic Research (IIP), Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology (ITMP), Munich, Germany.
Johannes HübnerDr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.
Andreas SingGerman National Reference Centre for Borrelia, Oberschleissheim, Germany; Bavarian Health and Food Safety Authority, Oberschleissheim, Germany.
Volker FingerleGerman National Reference Centre for Borrelia, Oberschleissheim, Germany; Bavarian Health and Food Safety Authority, Oberschleissheim, Germany.
Gabriele MargosGerman National Reference Centre for Borrelia, Oberschleissheim, Germany; Bavarian Health and Food Safety Authority, Oberschleissheim, Germany.

Funding

Wellcome Trust 218205
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Multi-locus sequence typing (MLST) based on eight genes has become the method of choice for Borrelia typing and is extensively used for population studies. Whole-genome sequencing enables studies to scale up to genomic levels but necessitates extended schemes. We have developed a 639-loci core genome MLST (cgMLST) scheme for Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (s.l.) that enables unambiguous genotyping and improves the robustness of phylogenies and lineage resolution within species. Notably, all inner nodes of the cgMLST phylogenies had consistently high statistical support. Analyses of the genetically homogeneous European B. bavariensis population support the notion that cgMLST provides high discriminatory power even for closely related isolates. While isolates differed maximally in one MLST locus, there were up to 179 cgMLST loci differences. Thus, the developed cgMLST scheme for B. burgdorferi s.l. resolves lineages at a finer resolution than MLST and improves insights into the evolutionary history of the species complex.

Indexed as

Borrelia burgdorferiBorrelia burgdorferi GroupEvolution, MolecularGenome, BacterialMultilocus Sequence TypingGenotypeHumansLyme DiseasePhylogenyBorrelia burgdorferi s.l.Borrelia PubMLSTBorrelia speciesBorrelia typingcgMLSTcore genome MLSTCP: GeneticsCP: MicrobiologyLyme borreliosisnext-generation sequencingwhole-genome sequencing

Identifiers

PMID39701105
PMCPMC11840949

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.