ArticlePloS one2024
Effect of age and sex differences on the abundances of neuronal, glial, and endothelial cells in non-diseased brain tissue.
Article in PloS one, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Anticonvulsant effects, safety, and sex-dependent molecular signatures of cannabidiol treatment in a preclinical model of audiogenic epilepsy.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases are influenced by the complex interplay of different cell types within the brain, and understanding the proportions and dynamics of neuronal, glial, and endothelial cells is crucial for deciphering the mechanisms of these diseases. Certain risk factors, such as age and sex differences, are thought to play a significant role in the susceptibility, progression, and response to neurological disease. Therefore, investigation of age- and sex-related differences in cell type proportions is needed to elucidate the biological basis of these diseases. Advances in sequencing technology have enabled large-scale transcriptomic studies, such as the Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) project, providing valuable resources for investigating the cellular landscape of the human brain. In this analysis, we used brain sample data from the GTEx project, comprising 1646 samples with an age range of 20-70 years. The relative abundance of excitatory and inhibitory neurons, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, microglia, and endothelial cells was estimated from the RNA sequencing data using a deconvolution-based analysis. Spearman correlation analysis between the individuals' calendar ages and cell type proportions revealed a statistically significant decrease in the proportion of neurons with increasing age. In contrast, the proportions of astrocytes and endothelial cells showed a significant increase. Furthermore, endothelial cells exhibited the strongest correlation coefficient, positively associating with age. In addition, the findings indicate sex-based differences in age-related changes to cell type proportions. An age-associated decrease in neuronal proportions was only observed in male donors, while no significant change was found in females. Additionally, an age-associated increase in astrocyte proportions was exclusively seen in males, whereas only females exhibited a significant increase in microglia proportions. Furthermore, we identified sex-based differences in baseline cell type proportions. Male originating samples exhibited higher proportions of excitatory neurons, while female samples showed higher proportions of microglia and endothelial cells. Our results show that both age and sex affect the proportions of cell types in non-diseased brain tissue samples. These findings contribute to our understanding of the effects of age and sex differences on the cellular composition of the brain and shed light on the potential roles of age and sex in neurological diseases.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.