ArticleIEEE journal of translational engineering in health and medicine2024
Non-Contact Monitoring of Inhalation-Exhalation (I:E) Ratio in Non-Ventilated Subjects.
Article in IEEE journal of translational engineering in health and medicine, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Non-contact (touchless) monitoring of respiratory rate in a challenging anesthesia setting using a depth camera.Journal of clinical monitoring and computing · 2026Article
- A Dual-Purpose Biomedical Measurement System for the Evaluation of Real-Time Correlations Between Blood Pressure and Breathing Parameters.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
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Abstract
The inhalation-exhalation (I:E) ratio, known to be an indicator of respiratory disease, is the ratio between the inhalation phase and exhalation phase of each breath. Here, we report on results from a non-contact monitoring method for the determination of the I:E ratio. This employs a depth sensing camera system that requires no sensors to be physically attached to the patient. A range of I:E ratios from 0.3 to 1.0 over a range of respiratory rates from 4 to 40 breaths/min were generated by healthy volunteers, producing a total of 3,882 separate breaths for analysis. Depth information was acquired using an Intel D415 RealSense camera placed at 1.1 m from the subjects' torso. This data was processed in real-time to extract depth changes within the subjects' torso region corresponding to respiratory activity. This was further converted into a respiratory signal from which the I:E ratio was determined (I:E[Formula: see text]). I:Edepth was compared to spirometer data (I:E[Formula: see text]). A Bland Altman analysis produced a mean bias of -0.004, with limits of agreement [-0.234, 0.227]. A linear regression analysis produced a line of best fit given by I:E[Formula: see text] I:Espiro - 0.006, with 95% confidence intervals for the slope [0.988, 1.019] and intercept [-0.017, 0.004]. We have demonstrated the viability of a non-contact monitoring method for determining the I:E ratio on healthy subjects breathing without mechanical support. This measure may be useful in monitoring the deterioration in respiratory status and/or response to therapy within the patient population. Clinical and Translational Impact Statement - The I:E ratio is an indicator of disease severity in COPD and asthma. Non-contact continuous monitoring of I:E ratio will offer the clinician a powerful new tool for respiratory monitoring.
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