Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39697418›Full record

ArticleChemical science2025

Efficient encapsulation of insulin by a giant macrocycle as a powerful approach to the inhibition of its fibrillation.

Ruotong Wang, Zihan Fang, Shenghui Li, Ziliang Zhang, Ming Dong, Junyi Chen, Qingbin Meng, Chunju Li

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Chemical science, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Ruotong WangAcademy of Interdisciplinary Studies on Intelligent Molecules, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University Tianjin 300387 P. R. China jychen_msc.yeah.net cjli@shu.edu.cn.
Zihan FangAcademy of Interdisciplinary Studies on Intelligent Molecules, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University Tianjin 300387 P. R. China jychen_msc.yeah.net cjli@shu.edu.cn.
Shenghui LiAcademy of Interdisciplinary Studies on Intelligent Molecules, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University Tianjin 300387 P. R. China jychen_msc.yeah.net cjli@shu.edu.cn.
Ziliang ZhangDepartment State Key Laboratory of National Security Specially Needed Medicines, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology Beijing 100850 P. R. China nankaimqb@sina.com.
Ming DongAcademy of Interdisciplinary Studies on Intelligent Molecules, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University Tianjin 300387 P. R. China jychen_msc.yeah.net cjli@shu.edu.cn.
Junyi ChenAcademy of Interdisciplinary Studies on Intelligent Molecules, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University Tianjin 300387 P. R. China jychen_msc.yeah.net cjli@shu.edu.cn.
Qingbin MengDepartment State Key Laboratory of National Security Specially Needed Medicines, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology Beijing 100850 P. R. China nankaimqb@sina.com.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8915-9509
Chunju LiAcademy of Interdisciplinary Studies on Intelligent Molecules, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University Tianjin 300387 P. R. China jychen_msc.yeah.net cjli@shu.edu.cn.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7450-4867

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Diabetes is a lifelong metabolic disease that requires frequent subcutaneous injections of insulin. However, free insulin is prone to forming immunogenic fibrillar aggregates under physiologic conditions, which limits its biomedical applications. Here, an approach to inhibiting insulin fibrils was developed through entire encapsulation by a giant macrocyclic inhibitor agent. Negatively charged water-soluble Pentaphen[3]arene sulfate (PP[3]AS), bearing 15 benzenes on its skeleton, was designed and synthesized.

Identifiers

PMID39697418
PMCPMC11651069

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.