Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39696602›Full record

ArticleBMC chemistry2024

Mechanical and chemical characterization of biochar-reinforced polystyrene composites.

Adewale George Adeniyi, Sulyman A Abdulkareem, Ebuka Chizitere Emenike, Ashraf M M Abdelbacki, Mubarak A Amoloye, Kingsley O Iwuozor, Abdelrahman O Ezzat, Favour O Eleregbe, Ifeoluwa Peter Oyekunle

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in BMC chemistry, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Adewale George AdeniyiDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, University of Ilorin, P. M. B. 1515, Ilorin, Nigeria. adeniyi.ag@unilorin.edu.ng.
Sulyman A AbdulkareemDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, University of Ilorin, P. M. B. 1515, Ilorin, Nigeria.
Ebuka Chizitere EmenikeDepartment of Pure and Industrial Chemistry, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, P. M. B. 5025, Awka, Nigeria.
Ashraf M M AbdelbackiDeanship of Skills Development, King Saud University, P.O Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
Mubarak A AmoloyeDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, University of Ilorin, P. M. B. 1515, Ilorin, Nigeria.
Kingsley O IwuozorDepartment of Pure and Industrial Chemistry, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, P. M. B. 5025, Awka, Nigeria.
Abdelrahman O EzzatDepartment of Chemistry, College of Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
Favour O EleregbeDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, University of Ilorin, P. M. B. 1515, Ilorin, Nigeria.
Ifeoluwa Peter OyekunleDepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA.

Funding

King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia RSPD2024R978
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This study investigates the chemical interactions and mechanical characteristics of composites made of polystyrene reinforced with biochar. Polystyrene-based resin (PBR) was combined with plantain peel-derived biochar in different weight ratios (10%, 20%, 30%, and 40%). The Brinell hardness test, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) were used to evaluate the properties of the composites. The results of the hardness test showed a non-monotonic pattern, with hardness first decreasing at low biochar loadings (10% and 20%), then significantly increasing at 30% biochar. At 40% biochar, the hardness then somewhat dropped, indicating that around 30% filler is the optimal biochar level for hardness. As the biochar loading increased, FTIR measurement showed that hydroxyl groups (-OH) were introduced and that the intensity of carbonyl groups (C = O) increased. According to SEM analysis, a uniform surface was found at lower biochar loadings, but at larger biochar contents, the surface became irregular and rough. In addition to providing insights into the chemical interactions at the interface between the biochar and the polymer matrix, these findings demonstrate the possibility of incorporating biochar to alter the mechanical properties of PBR.

Indexed as

Biochar, Polystyrene resinCompositeMusa Paradisiaca, Waste management

Identifiers

PMID39696602
PMCPMC11657839

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.