Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39696569›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of retina and vitreous2024

Once-weekly semaglutide doubles the five-year risk of nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy in a Danish cohort of 424,152 persons with type 2 diabetes.

Jakob Grauslund, Andreas Abou Taha, Laleh Dehghani Molander, Ryo Kawasaki, Sören Möller, Kurt Højlund, Lonny Stokholm

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In one paragraph

Article in International journal of retina and vitreous, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
33citing papers in PubMed, 5 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

33 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Semaglutide and risk of Non-Arteritic Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy (NAION) in type 2 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Jakob Grauslund *Department of Ophthalmology, Odense University Hospital, J. B. Winsløws Vej 4, Odense C, DK-5000, Denmark. jakob.grauslund@rsyd.dk.
Andreas Abou Taha *Department of Ophthalmology, Odense University Hospital, J. B. Winsløws Vej 4, Odense C, DK-5000, Denmark.
Laleh Dehghani MolanderDepartment of Ophthalmology, Odense University Hospital, J. B. Winsløws Vej 4, Odense C, DK-5000, Denmark.
Ryo KawasakiDepartment of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
Sören MöllerDepartment of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
Kurt HøjlundDepartment of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
Lonny StokholmDepartment of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundNonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION) is an untreatable condition often causing severe and irreversible visual loss in the affected eye. As it has recently been implied that the use of semaglutide associates with NAION, the aim of the present study was to evaluate this risk prospectively in all persons with type 2 diabetes (T2D) in Denmark.

methodsIn a five-year longitudinal cohort study, we identified all persons with T2D in Denmark (n = 424,152) between 2018 and 2024. Patients were stratified according to exposure (n = 106,454) or non-exposure (n = 317,698) to once-weekly semaglutide, and incidence rates and hazard ratios (HR) of NAION were estimated in a multivariable Cox proportional hazard regression model.

resultsAt baseline, median age and hemoglobin A1c were 65 years and 50 mmol/mol, and 54·5% were male. During 1,915,120 person-years of observation, 218 persons developed NAION. Semaglutide exposure was associated with a higher incidence rate (0·228 vs. 0·093 per 1000 person-years, p < 0·001) and independently predicted a higher risk of upcoming NAION (HR 2·19, 95% confidence interval 1·54 - 3·12), even when multiple other factors were taken into account. Overall, 67 persons exposed to semaglutide developed NAION with a median time from first prescription to event of 22·2 months (interquartile range 10·2-37·8 months).

conclusionsDuring five years of observation of all persons with T2D in Denmark, use of once-weekly semaglutide independently more than doubled the risk of NAION. Given the irreversible nature of NAION, it is important to acknowledge this risk, and upcoming studies should aim to identify high-risk subgroups.

Indexed as

Cohort studyNonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathyRegistry basedSemaglutideType 2 diabetes

Identifiers

PMID39696569
PMCPMC11657653

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.