Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39696226›Full record

ArticleBMC health services research2024

Collaborative design of a care pathway for pharmacy-based PrEP delivery in Nigeria: insights from stakeholder consultation.

Obinna I Ekwunife, Theodora C Omenoba, Ugochi Eyong, Valentine Okelu, Michael Alagbile, Ifeanyi Ume, Ambrose Eze, Aderinola Fisayo, Gloria Aidoo-Frimpong, Farah Shroff and 1 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC health services research, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Obinna I EkwunifeDivision of Population Health, Department of Medicine, University at Buffalo, New York, 14203, USA. ekwunife@buffalo.edu.
Theodora C OmenobaDepartment of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Management, Veritas University, Abuja, Nigeria.
Ugochi EyongBloom Public Health, Abuja, Nigeria.
Valentine OkeluDepartment of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Management, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Agulu, Nigeria.
Michael AlagbileSociety for Family Health, Abuja, Nigeria.
Ifeanyi UmeBloom Public Health, Abuja, Nigeria.
Ambrose EzeAssociation of Community Pharmacists of Nigeria, Lagos, Nigeria.
Aderinola FisayoPharmacy Council of Nigeria, Abuja, Nigeria.
Gloria Aidoo-FrimpongDepartment of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, University at Buffalo, New York, USA.
Farah ShroffFaculty of Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
Chimezie AnyakoraBloom Public Health, Abuja, Nigeria.

Funding

University of Washington/Fred Hutch Center for AIDS ResearchP30AI027757 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI CONNIE L CELUM · 1988 to 2026
$104.9M
NIAID NIH HHS P30 AI027757
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundHIV remains a significant public health problem, particularly in Africa, where two-thirds of global cases occur. Nigeria is among the three countries with the highest burden. Despite free access to pre- and post-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP and PEP) in Nigerian hospitals, stigma, distance, and restrictive clinic hours hinder uptake, especially among vulnerable populations. Building on the successful pilot implementation of pharmacy-based PrEP delivery in Kenya, we engaged Nigerian stakeholders in adapting the model, addressing user and provider concerns to ensure effective implementation in Nigeria.

methodsThe stakeholder meeting took place in Abuja, Nigeria, which is selected for its central location and accessibility to various stakeholders, particularly those involved in HIV prevention efforts. The participants were purposefully selected to ensure diverse representations, including youth who are potential PrEP users, pharmacy providers, regulators, and representatives from civil society organizations. The meeting utilized the Nominal Group Technique (NGT)-a structured method for facilitating group decision-making and prioritizing ideas-to adapt the Kenyan pharmacy-delivered PrEP model for implementation in the Nigerian context. Mock role play was conducted to help participants understand the care pathway. The discussions culminated in identifying challenges and viable strategies for implementing the model in Nigeria.

resultsThe one-day stakeholder meeting on 9 October 2024 was attended by 20 participants from various sectors involved in HIV prevention services. Stakeholders expressed enthusiasm for pharmacy-based PrEP delivery while acknowledging challenges associated with clinic-based services, such as stigma, limited hours, and long wait times. The key recommendations included training pharmacy providers, increasing awareness, ensuring confidentiality, establishing referral linkages, and integrating program data into the Health Management Information System (HMIS) as well as ensuring commodity availability and access. To enhance the success of the pilot study, stakeholders proposed engaging a research assistant, forming a monitoring team, and submitting the results to the Pharmacy Council of Nigeria (PCN) for review.

conclusionsThe identified challenges and strategies for implementing the model in Nigeria will inform the development of a refined pharmacy-delivered PrEP framework that is ready for pilot testing and potential scaling across the country.

Indexed as

HIV InfectionsPre-Exposure ProphylaxisStakeholder ParticipationAnti-HIV AgentsFemaleHumansMaleNigeriaAnti-HIV AgentsAfricaCommunity pharmaciesDifferentiated service deliveryHIV preventionNigeriaPreexposure prophylaxisStakeholder analysis

Identifiers

PMID39696226
PMCPMC11657590

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.