ArticleBMC public health2024
Evaluating hepatitis B screening, prevalence, vaccination coverage, and linkage to care in Abuja, Nigeria: insights from a cross-sectional study.
Article in BMC public health, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Prevalence of HIV and hepatitis B co-infection in Nigeria: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Pooled it
- Self-reported hepatitis B vaccination uptake and associated factors among adults in a tertiary hospital, Nasarawa State, Nigeria.Tropical diseases, travel medicine and vaccines · 2026Article
- Prevalence and biomarker profiles of HBV/HDV coinfection and occult HBV infection among patients attending Bimbilla Hospital, Northern Ghana.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
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9 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundHepatitis B virus (HBV) is a major global health threat, especially in Sub-Saharan Africa, where Nigeria has a prevalence exceeding 8%. Despite the availability of effective vaccines, inadequate coverage and lack of awareness have resulted in high rates of chronic infections and HBV-attributable liver disease. The study aimed to raise awareness of HBV, enroll participants for HBV screening, determine HBV prevalence across various communities, vaccinate negative cases and link positive cases to care.
methodsA cross-sectional study was conducted in 16 districts of Abuja from April 2022 to March 2023. Participants aged 18 and over were screened for hepatitis B, and those testing negative were offered on-site vaccination. Blood samples were collected and tested using HBV immunochromatographic tests and real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for HBV DNA quantification. Data were collected through interviews and analyzed using R software, with descriptive statistics calculated for continuous and categorical variables. Associations between socio-demographic factors and hepatitis B/vaccine status were assessed using the Chi-square test of independence.
resultsOut of 3,245 individuals screened, 141 (4.3%) tested positive for HBV. The highest prevalence was observed in the 20-39 age group (5.9%), with males showing a higher infection rate (5.4%) compared to females (3.7%) [p = 0.02]. The mean age of HBV-positive individuals was significantly lower (30.8 years) than those negative for HBV (36.2 years) [p = < 0.001]. Among 2,506 participants who consented to vaccination, 2,488 received the first dose (99.3%), 1,834 the second dose (73.2%), and 1,100 the third dose (43.9%). Vaccination uptake declined with each subsequent dose, but more older participants completed the third dose. A similar pattern of HBV prevalence was observed across gender and age groups.
conclusionThe study reveals a 4.3% prevalence of hepatitis B, with the highest infection rate among individuals aged 20-39 years, and males showing a higher prevalence than females. Although vaccination uptake was high for the first dose, adherence declined for subsequent doses. These findings highlight the need for targeted public health interventions, particularly among younger adults and males, to improve awareness and vaccination completion. Enhanced community engagement and sustained vaccination efforts are crucial for reducing HBV transmission and achieving better coverage.
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