ArticleBMC public health2024
How could 20-minute neighbourhoods impact health and health inequalities? A policy scoping review.
Article in BMC public health, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- 20-minute neighbourhoods, criticisms, conspiracy theories, and health: a critical discourse analysis.BMC public health · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
Abstract
background'Twenty-minute neighbourhoods' (or variations, such as 15-minute cities) are receiving increasing policy attention with anticipated impacts on population health (inequalities) outcomes alongside sustainability improvements. Yet, factors contributing to possible health impacts are not well understood. This scoping review aimed to identify proposed and evidenced pathways to health (inequality) outcomes from international policy plans.
methodsWe first identified relevant academic literature, searching Scopus, (Ovid) Medline and Embase databases. A second search aimed to identify local or national planning or policy documents on government websites and related organisations. We followed a snowball search strategy to retrieve examples identified from the academic literature search and from the C40 cities network. These policy documents were our primary target for extraction, and we extracted and analysed by individual place. Pathways to health and health inequality outcomes identified in these documents were inductively coded thematically. We used Sankey diagrams to visually aggregate the thematic codes for each place relating to pathways to health outcomes and social determinants (mechanisms).
resultsIn total, 36 places across 17 countries were included, described across 96 academic articles, policy plans and reports. While different health improvement outcomes were included as a goal in nearly all policy plans, most frequently references were to health in general rather than specific health outcomes. Pathways to health were discussed in numerous policy plans across three overarching themes: proximity, place redesign, and environmental action. Proximity pathways were most frequently outlined as the means to achieve health outcomes, with active travel acting through increased physical activity/reduced obesity as the most frequent individual pathway. However, few plans specified what would actually be implemented in practice to achieve the increased proximity to services. Health inequalities were only mentioned by six places specifically, although nearly half of all places mentioned broader inequality aims (e.g., poverty reduction). Possible unintended consequences to health inequalities also received some attention, for example through displacement of residents. DISCUSSION: Pathways to assumed health (inequality) outcomes require better specification and evidence. Health inequalities are particularly under-explored, and scenario modelling might provide a means to explore the dynamic aspects necessary to examine these important outcomes pre-implementation.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.