Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39695415›Full record

ArticleBMC infectious diseases2024

Effect of COVID-19 restriction measures on multidrug resistant tuberculosis case notifications and treatment outcomes at treatment centres in Uganda.

Pamela Okwir Apio, Lydia Nakiyingi, Charles Batte, Pius Mukisa, John Mukisa, Monica Okwir Acen, Andrew Weil Semulimi, Achilles Katamba, Joan Nakayaga Kalyango

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMC infectious diseases, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Pamela Okwir ApioClinical Epidemiology Unit, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda. pamelaokwir@gmail.com.
Lydia NakiyingiDepartment of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda.
Charles BatteSchool of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University Lung Institute, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda.
Pius MukisaClinical Epidemiology Unit, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda.
John MukisaDepartment of Immunology and Molecular Biology, School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda.
Monica Okwir AcenFaculty of Medicine, Lira University, Lira, Uganda.
Andrew Weil SemulimiSchool of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University Lung Institute, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda.
Achilles KatambaClinical Epidemiology Unit, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda.
Joan Nakayaga KalyangoClinical Epidemiology Unit, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundMultidrug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is a global public health threat. In 2021, an incidence of 3.6% was reported among new TB patients, and 18% was reported among previously treated patients. The emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic impacted the health sector, although little is known about the effect of restrictive COVID-19 measures on MDR-TB case notifications and treatment outcomes in Uganda. This study aimed to assess the effect of COVID-19 restriction measures on MDR-TB case notifications and treatment outcomes at treatment centres in Uganda.

methodsThis was a retrospective cohort study in which a total of 483 participants were enrolled-238 before (March 2018-February 2020) and 245 during (March 2020-February 2022) COVID-19 restrictions. The data were extracted from the Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis (DR-TB) Health Management Information System (HMIS), and patient charts, and census sampling was employed. Interrupted time series (ITSA) was used to compare MDR-TB case notifications and treatment outcomes.

resultsBefore the COVID-19 restrictions, the majority 58.0% were aged less than or equal to 38 years whereas during the restrictions, the majority 51.8% were aged greater than 38 years. A total of 238 cases of MDRTB were reported before, and 245 cases were reported during the restrictions. There was no immediate (β2; 0.134) or sustained (β3; 0.494) impact of COVID-19 restriction measures on monthly MDR-TB case notifications. The mean number of monthly MDR-TB notifications was similar for the 3-month period before (11.0 cases per month) and during (10.0 cases per month) the COVID-19 restrictions (p-value 0.661). The proportions of patients who achieved successful MDR-TB treatment before (81.5%) and during (81.7%) COVID-19 restriction was not significantly different (p- value < 0.001). During the COVID-19 restrictions, not being married (aPR 0.85, 95% CI: 0.74-0.97) and treatment delay greater than 7 days (aPR 0.87, 95% CI 0.78-0.96) were negatively associated with successful treatment outcomes.

conclusionRestrictive COVID-19 measures did not affect MDR-TB case notifications or treatment outcomes. Not being married and having a treatment delay greater than 7 days reduced the chances of a successful treatment outcome during COVID-19. The WHO and MoH should continue strengthening active case finding, contact screening and community engagement to consolidate MDR-TB control and management in preparation for similar future pandemics.

Indexed as

COVID-19Tuberculosis, Multidrug-ResistantAdolescentAdultAntitubercular AgentsDisease NotificationFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedRetrospective StudiesSARS-CoV-2Treatment OutcomeUgandaYoung AdultAntitubercular AgentsCase notificationsCOVID-19Multidrug resistant tuberculosisTreatment outcome

Identifiers

PMID39695415
PMCPMC11653593

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.