[Application status and considerations of unilateral biportal endoscopy technique].

Objective: To review the application status, clinical advantages, and complications of unilateral biportal endoscopy (UBE) technique and explore its future development direction. Methods: By reviewing recent domestic and international literature, the evolution history of UBE technique, its surgical advantages, and its application effectiveness in various spinal diseases were analyzed, providing a comprehensive review. Results: UBE technique, with its unique dual-channel design, provides a clearer surgical field and more flexible operating space, significantly reduces surgical trauma and postoperative recovery time. UBE technique has demonstrated high safety and effectiveness in the treatment of lumbar disc herniation, spinal stenosis, lumbar instability, and cervical spondylosis. Additionally, the complication incidence of UBE surgery is lower than that of traditional open surgery. Conclusion: In recent years, UBE technique has shown good clinical application prospects and efficacy, but further technical optimization and large-scale clinical research are still needed to ensure the safety and effectiveness. In the future, the combination of UBE technique and intelligent medical and surgical robotics technology is expected to promote the further development of spinal surgery.