Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39692048›Full record

SynthesisVeterinary medicine and science2025

A Global Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Giardia duodenalis in Rabbits: Epidemiology, Genetic Diversity and Possible Zoonotic Concerns.

Ali Asghari, Mohammad Reza Mohammadi, Leila Naseri, Laya Shamsi, Milad Badri, Ali Pouryousef

Abstract readSystematic ReviewMeta-Analysis
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Veterinary medicine and science, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Dual detection and novel genotypes ofFrontiers in veterinary science · 2026
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Ali AsghariMedical Microbiology Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran.ORCID 0000-0002-4005-2687
Mohammad Reza MohammadiDepartment of Bacteriology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
Leila NaseriDepartment of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran.
Laya ShamsiDepartment of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.
Milad BadriMedical Microbiology Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran.ORCID 0000-0002-1860-326X
Ali PouryousefLeishmaniasis Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran.ORCID 0000-0002-0185-2438

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundGiardia duodenalis is a pathogenic protozoan responsible for gastrointestinal infections in various hosts, including rabbits. Understanding its epidemiology, genetic diversity and zoonotic implications is vital for public health and veterinary medicine. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to synthesize global data on the prevalence of G. duodenalis in rabbit populations, assess the genetic diversity of the isolates and evaluate the associated zoonotic potential.

methodsWe conducted a thorough literature search across multiple databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and Google Scholar) for studies published until 18 October 2024. Only peer-reviewed articles reporting original research on G. duodenalis in rabbits were included. We extracted data on prevalence rates, testing times, publication years, countries, continents, WHO regions, diagnostic methods, genes used, assemblages and sub-assemblages. A meta-analysis using random-effects models was performed to calculate pooled prevalence rates, with the I

resultsA total of 26 studies/datasets were analysed, covering data from 5543 rabbits across 15 countries. The estimated pooled prevalence of G. duodenalis in rabbits was 12.1% (95% CI: 7%-20%), with substantial heterogeneity (I

conclusionsThe findings highlight the global presence and genetic diversity of G. duodenalis in rabbits, indicating potential zoonotic risks. Ongoing monitoring and research are essential to clarify the transmission dynamics and public health implications of G. duodenalis in these animals. Raising awareness among pet owners, veterinarians and public health officials is vital to mitigate potential zoonosis.

Indexed as

Genetic VariationGiardia lambliaGiardiasisZoonosesAnimalsPrevalenceRabbitsassemblageepidemiologyGiardia duodenalismeta‐analysisrabbitssystematic review

Identifiers

PMID39692048
PMCPMC11653087

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.