ArticleClinical endocrinology2025
Epidemiology and Management of Moderate to Severe Thyroid Eye Disease in the United States: Analysis of a Healthcare Claims Database.
Article in Clinical endocrinology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Pooled it
- Validation and Development of Claims-Based Algorithms for Identifying Thyroid Eye Disease Using the IRIS Registry-Komodo Linked Database.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Transcriptomic profiling of thyroid eye disease orbital fibroblasts identifies sorafenib as a novel therapeutic.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- Multimodal MRI reveals structural and functional alterations in thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy.Frontiers in neurologyArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo estimate the incidence, prevalence, patient characteristics and healthcare utilization patterns of moderate to severe thyroid eye disease (TED) in the United States.
designRetrospective review of medical and prescription claims data from the Inovalon deidentified claims database. PATIENTS: Patients with moderate to severe TED were identified based on specific and sensitive definitions using International Classification of Diseases (ICD) codes selected by a group of TED specialists.
resultsThe incident moderate to severe TED population included 3364 and 1730 patients using the sensitive and specific definitions, respectively. After adjusting for age and gender, corresponding incidence rates in the sensitive and specific populations were 8.97 (13.49 in women and 4.27 in men) and 4.37 (6.59 in women and 2.05 in men) per 100,000 person-years, respectively. The prevalent population included 16,310 and 8018 patients using the sensitive and specific definitions, respectively, corresponding to adjusted prevalence rates of 44.13 (66.00 in women and 21.39 in men) and 20.55 (31.18 in women and 9.50 in men) per 100,000 persons. A preponderance of women was observed, and comorbidity rates were high, with > 40% of prevalent patients experiencing hypertension. Steroids were the most frequently prescribed medication. The impact of teprotumumab was not captured, since this study only included claims data through 2019.
conclusionsThe estimated incidence and prevalence rates of TED demonstrate the considerable impact of this disease in the United States, making the creation of a specific ICD code imperative for effective healthcare planning and management.
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