Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39690372›Full record

ArticleDrug delivery and translational research2025

Hydrophobic ion pairing: lipophilicity improvement of anionic macromolecules by divalent cation mediated complex formation.

Sera Lindner, Fabrizio Ricci, René Holm, Dajun Sun, Nathaniel Washburn, Cecilia Bohns Michalowski, Giustino Di Pretoro, Andreas Bernkop-Schnürch

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Drug delivery and translational research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Sera LindnerThiomatrix Forschungs- Und Beratungs GmbH, Trientlgasse 65, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria.
Fabrizio RicciThiomatrix Forschungs- Und Beratungs GmbH, Trientlgasse 65, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria.
René HolmDepartment of Physics, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230, Odense, Denmark.
Dajun SunPharmaceutical Product Development & Supply, Johnson & Johnson Innovative Medicine, Turnhoutseweg 30, B-2340, Beerse, Belgium.
Nathaniel WashburnImmunology Discovery, Johnson & Johnson Innovative Medicine, 301 Binney St, Cambridge, MA, 02141, USA.
Cecilia Bohns MichalowskiPharmaceutical Product Development & Supply, Johnson & Johnson Innovative Medicine, Turnhoutseweg 30, B-2340, Beerse, Belgium.
Giustino Di PretoroDrug Product Development & Delivery, Johnson & Johnson Innovative Medicine, 347 Phoenixville Pike, Malvern, PA, 19355, USA.
Andreas Bernkop-SchnürchThiomatrix Forschungs- Und Beratungs GmbH, Trientlgasse 65, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria. a.bernkop@thiomatrix.com.ORCID 0000-0003-4187-8277

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The aim of this study was to develop an alternative strategy to sufficiently increase the lipophilicity of anionic model macromolecules (MM) without the use of cationic counterions. Enoxaparin (ENO), insulin (INS) and poly-L-glutamic acid (PLG) were ion paired with anionic surfactants (sodium decanoate (DEC), sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), sodium stearate (SS) and sodium octadecyl sulfate (SOS)), mediated by divalent cations such as magnesium, calcium and zinc. Complexes were evaluated regarding their precipitation efficiency and logD

Indexed as

Cations, DivalentInsulinSurface-Active AgentsAnionsHydrophobic and Hydrophilic InteractionsAnionsCations, DivalentInsulinSurface-Active AgentsDivalent cationsHydrophobic ion pairingMacromoleculesOral peptide deliverySelf-emulsifying drug delivery systems

Identifiers

PMID39690372

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.