Observational studyFrontiers in public health2024
Water, sanitation, and hygiene in selected health facilities in Ethiopia: risks for healthcare acquired antimicrobial-resistant infections.
Observational study in Frontiers in public health, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Article
- Water (In)Accessibility, Healthcare Delivery, and Patients' Health Outcomes in Ghana: Perspectives from the Yendi Hospital.Nursing reports (Pavia, Italy) · 2025Article
- Risk factors for Streptococcus pyogenes skin infections during an outbreak in Ethiopia: a case-control study.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Emergence of extensively and pan-drug resistance in clinical bacterial isolates: A systematic scoping review from Ethiopian public health perspective.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2025Article
- Microbial Contamination of Handwashing Water and Tap Surfaces in Addis Ababa Hospitals: A Threat to Infection Prevention.Environmental health insights · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Inadequate water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) in health facilities, and the low adherence to infection control protocols can increase the risk of hospital-acquired (nosocomial) infections (HAIs). The risk for HAIs can increase morbidity, and mortality, health care cost, but also contribute to increased microbial resistance. Objectives: The study aimed to assess WASH facilities and practices, and levels of nosocomial pathogens in selected health facilities in Oromia Region and Southern, Nations and Nationalities and Peoples (SNNPs) Region. Materials and methods: An observational cross-sectional study design was employed to assess the WASH facilities in health care in SNNPs (Bulle and Doyogena) and Oromia (Bidre) regions through interviews and direct observations ( Results: Water supply, toilet facilities, and waste management procedures were suboptimal (below the minimum standards of WHO). Only 11/26 of the health facilities had access to water at the time of the survey. The lowest hand-hygiene compliance was for Bidre (4%), followed by Doyogena (14%), and Bulle (36%). Over 70% of the identified bacteria were from four categories: Conclusion: Investing in WASH infrastructures, promotion of handwashing practices, implementing infection prevention and control (IPC) measures and antibiotic stewardship is critical to ensure quality care in these settings. We recommend careful use of higher generation cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones.
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