Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39682122›Full record

ReviewCancers2024

Hepatocellular Carcinoma Surveillance Strategies: Major Guidelines and Screening Advances.

Gavin Wu, Nojan Bajestani, Nooruddin Pracha, Cindy Chen, Mina S Makary

Abstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Cancers, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
20citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

20 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Gavin WuDepartment of Radiology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.ORCID 0009-0008-9675-2608
Nojan BajestaniDepartment of Radiology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
Nooruddin PrachaDepartment of Radiology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
Cindy ChenDepartment of Radiology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
Mina S MakaryDepartment of Radiology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-2498-7132

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

BACKGROUND/

objectivesHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths globally, with prognosis and treatment outcomes that are significantly influenced by the stage at diagnosis. Early detection through regular surveillance is crucial for improving patient outcomes, especially in high-risk groups such as those with cirrhosis or chronic hepatitis B. Geographic variations in HCC risk factors, including viral hepatitis and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), have led to the development of different international surveillance guidelines. This review aims to compare and evaluate the surveillance strategies proposed by the Asian Pacific Association for the Study of the Liver (APASL), the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases (AASLD), and the European Association for the Study of the Liver and European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EASL-EORTC).

methodsThe review examined and compared major international guidelines on HCC surveillance, focusing on patient selection, imaging modalities, and the integration of biomarkers. We also explored recent advancements in screening techniques, including artificial intelligence and emerging biomarkers, to identify future directions for improving surveillance strategies.

resultsOur analysis identified key differences in the guidelines, particularly in imaging modality preferences and the use of biomarkers for early detection. While all guidelines place emphasis on high-risk populations, the inclusion criteria and surveillance intervals vary. Additionally, novel technologies such as artificial intelligence show potential to enhance the accuracy and efficiency of HCC detection.

conclusionsThis review highlights the need to harmonize the international guidelines, particularly in regard to patients with non-cirrhotic NAFLD who remain under-represented in current surveillance protocols. Future research should focus on integrating emerging technologies and biomarkers to improve early detection and overall patient outcomes.

Indexed as

AASLD guidelinesAPASL guidelinesbiomarkers in HCCearly detection of HCCEASL–EORTC guidelinesHCC surveillancehepatocellular carcinomaimaging modalitiesliver cancer screeningnon-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)

Identifiers

PMID39682122
PMCPMC11640160

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.