ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2025
Nocturnal camouflage through background matching against moonlight.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Photobleaching shapes the expression of plumage phenotypes.Biology open · 2026Article
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10 authors.
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Abstract
Camouflage is often considered a daytime phenomenon based on light and shade. Nocturnal camouflage can also occur, but its mechanistic basis remains unclear. Here, we analyze the conditions for background matching (BM) of avian predators against the night sky. Such concealment is achieved when the contrast between the predator and the sky is smaller than the contrast detection threshold of prey. This condition cannot be fulfilled under isotropic skies, as in fully overcast or moonless nights. However, on clear moonlit nights, the isotropy of the sky radiance is broken due to the presence of the Moon, and the conditions for BM can be met for a wide range of sky directions. This effect is mainly dependent on the altitude of the Moon above the horizon, rather than on Moon phase. We have modeled the feasibility of concealment through BM of a typically white barn owl (
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