Current Status of Vertebral Body Tethering for Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis: An Umbrella Review.

Background: Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is a prevalent spinal deformity among teenagers worldwide. Vertebral body tethering (VBT) is an innovative, minimally invasive technique developed to address spinal curvature by modulating vertebral growth. However, the existing body of evidence regarding the effectiveness and safety of VBT in treating AIS is fragmented and requires thorough consolidation and critical assessment. Methods: Six databases were thoroughly examined, yielding 11 relevant systematic reviews and meta-analyses. The methodological quality of the included studies was evaluated using the Joanna Briggs Institute's critical appraisal checklist. The key findings were encapsulated using a narrative synthesis approach. Results: The reviews indicated notable improvements in coronal plane radiographic parameters, transverse plane clinical outcomes, and health-related quality of life scores following VBT. Nevertheless, the complication rates associated warrant attention. Additionally, the variability in methodological quality across the included reviews underscores the necessity for more robust and systematic investigations in this domain. Conclusion: This umbrella review revealed promising results for VBT as a treatment option for AIS. However, further research is needed to address knowledge gaps and limitations, focusing on long-term outcomes, patient selection, standardized techniques, and comparison with traditional treatments.