Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39678139›Full record

ReviewImmunoTargets and therapy2024

Advances in B Cell Targeting for Treating Muscle-Specific Tyrosine Kinase-Associated Myasthenia Gravis.

Guanlian Hu, Xue Zhao, Yiren Wang, Xiaoyan Zhu, Zhan Sun, Xiaoxiao Yu, Jiahui Wang, Qian Liu, Jing Zhang, Yingna Zhang and 5 more

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in ImmunoTargets and therapy, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Review
  3. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors.

Guanlian Hu *Department of Neuroimmunology, Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China.ORCID 0009-0009-7412-5387
Xue Zhao *Department of Neuroimmunology, Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China.
Yiren WangDepartment of Neuroimmunology, Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China.
Xiaoyan ZhuDepartment of Neuroimmunology, Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China.
Zhan SunDepartment of Neuroimmunology, Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China.
Xiaoxiao YuDepartment of Neuroimmunology, Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China.
Jiahui WangDepartment of Encephalopathy, First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China.
Qian LiuDepartment of Neuroimmunology, Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China.
Jing ZhangDepartment of Neuroimmunology, Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China.
Yingna ZhangDepartment of Neuroimmunology, Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China.
Junhong YangDepartment of Encephalopathy, First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China.
Ting ChangDepartment of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China.
Zhe RuanDepartment of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China.
Jie LvDepartment of Neuroimmunology, Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China.
Feng GaoDepartment of Neuroimmunology, Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Myasthenia gravis (MG) is a typical autoimmune disease of the nervous system. It is characterized by skeletal muscle weakness and fatigue due to impaired neuromuscular junction transmission mediated by IgG autoantibodies. Muscle-specific receptor tyrosine kinase-associated MG (MuSK-MG), a rare and severe subtype of MG, is distinguished by the presence of anti-MuSK antibodies; it responds poorly to traditional therapies. Recent research on MuSK-MG treatment has focused on specific targeted therapies. Since B cells play a critical pathogenic role in producing autoantibodies and inflammatory mediators, they are often considered the preferred target for treating MuSK-MG. Currently, various B cell-targeted drugs have been developed to treat MuSK-MG; they have shown good therapeutic effects. This review explores the evolving landscape of B cell-targeted therapies in MuSK-MG, focusing on their mechanisms, efficacy, and safety, and the current limitations associated with their use. We discuss current B cell-targeted therapies aimed at depleting or modulating B cells via both direct and indirect approaches. Furthermore, we focus on novel and promising strategies such as Chimeric Autoantibody Receptor T cell therapy, which explicitly targets MuSK-specific B cells without compromising general humoral immunity. Finally, this review provides an outlook on the potential benefits and limitations of B cell-targeted therapy in developing new therapies for MuSK-MG. We conclude by discussing future research efforts needed to optimize these therapies, expand treatment options, and improve long-term outcomes in MuSK-MG management.

Indexed as

B cell-targeted therapydirect targetingindirect targetingMuSK-CAAR-TMuSK-CAR-TMuSK-MG

Identifiers

PMID39678139
PMCPMC11646387

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.