ArticleEuropean journal of clinical investigation2024
The influence of hypoxia-mediated CEACAM6 upregulation on epithelial cell and macrophage response in the context of gastric cancer.
Article in European journal of clinical investigation, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- A review of current evidence and perspectives on the mechanisms and clinical significance of hypoxia-induced remodeling of the gastric microbiota-metabolism axis.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Review
- Protumorigenic Responses of CEACAM6 in Helicobacter pylori-Infected Gastric Cancer Cells.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2026Article
- Endoneurial immune interplay in peripheral nerve repair: insights and implications for future therapeutic interventions.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2025Review
- CEACAM6 as a machine learning derived immune biomarker for predicting neoadjuvant chemotherapy response in HR+/HER2- breast cancer.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- The influence of hypoxia-mediated CEACAM6 upregulation on epithelial cell and macrophage response in the context of gastric cancer.European journal of clinical investigation · 2024Article
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9 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundThe hypoxic microenvironment is a key component of the gastric tumour niche. Carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 6 (CEACAM6) is upregulated in gastric cancer and is considered a novel biomarker for the disease. However, no prior studies have elaborated on the status of CEACAM6 and its role in the hypoxic gastric cancer niche.
methodsIn this short study, we evaluated the effect of hypoxia in modulating CEACAM6 level in gastric cancer cells (GCCs) through western blotting and determined the effect of CEACAM6 upregulation on gastric cancer progression through clonogenicity, cell proliferation and migration assays. The wound-healing ability of GCCs was downregulated by siRNA-mediated CEACAM6 silencing. Human gastric cancer biopsy samples were examined by immunofluorescence microscopy to assess the level of a hypoxia marker HIF1α and CEACAM6. The effect of empty vector or CEACAM6-expression on peripheral blood-derived mononuclear cell (PBMC)-derived macrophage polarization under normoxia or hypoxia was studied by incubating macrophages in conditioned medium collected from GCC cultures. Macrophage polarization status was observed using flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation by macrophages was evaluated using fluorescence microscopy.
resultsWe identified that hypoxia promoted CEACAM6 in GCCs, and these cells acquired increased proliferative potential and migration ability. Moreover, the cell culture supernatant from hypoxia-exposed CEACAM6-overexpressing cells promoted an M2-like macrophage population and discouraged the M1 phenotype.
conclusionThis study established that hypoxia increased CEACAM6 which promoted gastric cancer progression by influencing GCC proliferation and motility as well as macrophage polarization.
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