Trial reportArchives of dermatological research2024
Comparing the efficacy of oral apremilast, intralesional corticosteroids, and their combination in patients with patchy alopecia areata: a randomized clinical controlled trial.
Trial report in Archives of dermatological research, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Off-Label Treatment of Alopecia Areata-Retrospective Study.Biomedicines · 2026Article
- JAK Inhibitors for Alopecia Areata: Approved Therapies, Efficacy, and Unanswered Questions.Drug design, development and therapy · 2026Review
- Pyroptosis in Alopecia Areata: Synthesizing Emerging Hypotheses and Charting a Path to New Therapies.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- From mechanisms to therapies: current advances breakthroughs in alopecia areata immunopathology.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionAlopecia areata (AA) is a chronic, immune-mediated inflammatory disorder characterized by nonscarring hair loss. The management of AA poses challenges due to its unpredictable course and variable response to treatment. In this comparative study, we evaluated the efficacy and safety of oral apremilast, intralesional corticosteroids (ILC) and a combination of both in patients with patchy AA.
methodsSixty patients with patchy AA were randomly assigned to three treatment groups: oral apremilast (Group A), ILC (Group B), and a combination of both (Group C). The Severity of Alopecia Tool (SALT) score was used to assess the extent of hair loss before treatment, after 3 months, and at 6 months of follow-up. Adverse events and complications were also monitored. The changes in SALT score from baseline between the three groups were assessed by using non-parametric statistical tests. The statistical significance was judged at 5% level of significance.
resultsFindings demonstrated significant higher reduction in median SALT scores after treatment i.e., 2.47 (1.76, 5.07), p < 0.001 as well as after six months follow up 5.08 (3.80, 7.53), p < 0.001 in patients treated with ILC compared to other two groups. Neither apremilast monotherapy nor its combination with ILC demonstrated statistically significant improvement, although individual responses were observed. Complications were minimal, with transient pain and burning sensation reported during ILC injections and a few cases of gastritis and relapse in the oral apremilast group.
conclusionThese findings suggest that ILC remains an effective treatment option for patchy AA. This study did not demonstrate statistically significant efficacy of oral apremilast, either as monotherapy or in combination with ILC, though larger studies may be needed to evaluate potential benefits in specific patient subgroups. Further research with larger sample sizes and longer-term follow-up is needed to validate these findings and optimize treatment approaches for AA.
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