Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39673578›Full record

ReviewChild psychiatry and human development2026

Important Mechanisms in the Development of Anxiety in Children with ADHD: The Role of Associated Features of ADHD and Interpersonal Functioning.

Helena F Alacha, Elizabeth K Lefler, Sara J Bufferd

Abstract readReview
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Child psychiatry and human development, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Helena F AlachaDepartment of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40292, USA. halacha@pennstatehealth.psu.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8418-8626
Elizabeth K LeflerDepartment of Psychology, University of Northern Iowa, Cedar Falls, IA, 50614, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5399-4649
Sara J BufferdDepartment of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40292, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2915-4225

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Over a quarter of children with Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) meet diagnostic criteria for an anxiety disorder as well. The goals of this paper are (a) to examine what is currently known about co-occurring ADHD and anxiety in children, (b) propose and outline underlying factors relevant to the development of anxiety in children with ADHD, and (c) discuss future directions and clinical implications for the prevention and identification of anxiety development in children with ADHD. It is proposed that certain associated features of ADHD (i.e., low effortful control and emotion dysregulation) as well as various interpersonal factors related to ADHD (i.e., poor parent, teacher, and peer relationships) form a negative feedback loop that increases susceptibility to anxiety in a subset of children with ADHD. The literature supports interrelations between and across the associated features and interpersonal factors. Additional research is needed to test the validity of the proposed process. Obtaining further insight into the interplay between these different factors can help identify a subset of children with ADHD who are at risk for developing anxiety, which can enhance the precision of prevention, assessment, and treatment efforts for these children.

Indexed as

AnxietyAnxiety DisordersAttention Deficit Disorder with HyperactivityEmotional RegulationInterpersonal RelationsChildHumansADHDAnxietyChildhoodEffortful controlEmotion dysregulationFeedback loopInterpersonal relationships

Identifiers

PMID39673578

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.