ArticleOral diseases2025
Burning Mouth Syndrome Underlying Factors: A Roadmap From a Network Perspective.
Article in Oral diseases, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Symptom Persistence Across Selected Orofacial Conditions: Toward a Chronic Explanatory Profile.Journal of oral rehabilitation · 2026Review
- Associations between traditional Chinese medicine syndrome types, emotion and immune function in patients with burning mouth syndrome.Odontology · 2026Article
- Psychological Subtypes and Intervention Strategies in Burning Mouth Syndrome: A Narrative Review.Journal of pain research · 2026Review
- Inside the Fire. Exploring the Impact of Anxiety, Depression, and Sleep Disturbances on Pain Perception in Burning Mouth Syndrome: A Cross-Sectional Study of 200 Patients.Journal of oral pathology & medicine : official publication of the International Association of Oral Pathologists and the American Academy of Oral Pathology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo investigate the relationship between biological, psychological, and social factors underlying Burning Mouth Syndrome (BMS). SUBJECTS AND
methodsA case (n = 40) and control (n = 42) study containing 80 variables was examined using two network models based on regularized partial correlations (n = 82).
resultsThe structure of the associative pathways with the BMS was revealed. Direct associations involved Gastrointestinal Alterations (0.23), Vitamin D Deficiency (0.29), Musculoskeletal Alterations (0.29), Symptom Severity Score 2 (SSS2) (0.22), Cortisol Variation (0.10), Interpersonal Sensitivity (0.04), Hostility (0.03). Global Severity Index, Symptom Severity Score 1, Psychoticism, Obsession-Compulsion, Depression, Anxiety, and Somatization were indirectly related. The SSS2 was the most influential on BMS accuracy.
conclusionsGastrointestinal alterations and vitamin D deficiency show a significant influence on BMS while cortisol mediates in multiple associative pathways between musculoskeletal alterations, gastrointestinal alterations, vitamin D deficiency, non-restorative sleep, fatigue, and cognitive problems. In addition to anxiety and depression, psychoticism, interpersonal sensitivity, and hostility stand out as psychological factors that seem to be related to a lack of vitamin D. None of the factors studied seem to have a relevant predictive potential for BMS, except for nonspecific symptoms of central sensitization.
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